Determination of trace polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water samples through large‐volume stir bar sorptive extraction method with thermal desorption gas chromatography

Abstract

A fast and sensitive analytical method based on stir bar sorptive extraction technology with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was developed to simultaneously analyze 18 kinds of polychlorinated biphenyls and 20 kinds of organochlorine pesticides in aqueous samples. A long adsorption time and small sample volume, which are problems encountered in conventional methods of stir bar sorptive extraction, were effectively solved by simultaneously using multiple stir bars for enrichment with sequential cryofocusing and merged injection. Optimized results showed good linear coefficients in the range of 10-500 ng/L and the method detection limits of 0.12-2.07 ng/L for polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides. The recovery ratios of the spiked samples at different concentrations were between 64.7 and 111.0%, and their relative standard deviations ranged from 0.9 to 17.6%. Four types of the studied compounds were determined in Qiantang River water samples, and their contents were between 0.82 and 5.00 ng/L.

Spiral stir bar sorptive extraction with polyaniline‐polydimethylsiloxane sol‐gel packings for the analysis of trace estrogens in environmental water and animal‐derived food samples

“…Besides, stirring magneton is not required in SBSE, avoiding the competitive adsorption of target analytes. With the merits of easy operation, convenience, celerity, matrix interference resistance, high extraction efficiency (ExE), and low‐cost, SBSE has been widely used in complex sample analysis . Nevertheless, there are some problems associated with this technique, such as the abrasive wear of self‐prepared stir bar coating and high cost of available commercial coated stir bar, which limited its further development .…”

“…With the merits of easy operation, convenience, celerity, matrix inter-Article Related Abbreviations: EF, enrichment factor; ExE, extraction efficiency; PANi, polyaniline; PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane; SBSE, stir bar sorptive extraction; SPME, solid phase microextraction; sSBSE, spiral stir bar sorptive extraction. ference resistance, high extraction efficiency (ExE), and lowcost, SBSE has been widely used in complex sample analysis [2][3][4]. Nevertheless, there are some problems associated with this technique, such as the abrasive wear of self-prepared stir bar coating and high cost of available commercial coated stir bar, which limited its further development [5].…”

Mesostructured cellular foam solid‐phase microextraction coating for the highly sensitive recognition of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples

“…To determine the concentration of PCBs in real samples, pretreatment and clean‐up steps are necessary due to their high hydrophobicity, trace levels, and the complexity of sample matrices. So far, stir‐bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), SPE, SPME, matrix solid‐phase dispersion, and MAE have been developed to preconcentrate PCBs . Among these pretreatment methods, SPME as an efficient and remarkable sample preparation technique, has attracted increasing attention due to its rapidness, simplicity, solvent‐free and facilitation in automation, and coupling techniques .…”

Profiling of headspace volatiles from Escherichia coli cultures using silicone‐based sorptive media and thermal desorption GC–MS

“…The large phase volume of these stir bars (32 μL of stir bar sorptive extraction sorptive phase as opposed to 0.6 μL in a traditional SPME fibres) further helps in absorbing a wider spectrum of organic compounds. While most use of this technique has been in identifying compounds from aqueous media, extraction of volatiles present in headspace of plants have been implemented having effectively concentrated the volatiles, compared to using SPME fibres, demonstrating the versatility of this technique, which can further be validated from increasing research work in this domain .…”

“…While most use of this technique has been in identifying compounds from aqueous media, extraction of volatiles present in headspace of plants have been implemented [1] having effectively concentrated the volatiles, compared to using SPME fibres, demonstrating the versatility of this technique, which can further be validated from increasing research work in this domain [8,9].…”