Tobacco control law implementation in a middle-income country: Transnational tobacco control network overcoming tobacco industry opposition in Colombia

Uang, Randy; Crosbie, Eric; Glantz, Stanton A.

doi:10.1080/17441692.2017.1357188

Cited by 34 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In recent decades, such partnerships have become a driver of tobacco control progress and given rise to an increasingly cohesive international epistemic tobacco control community [57]. The ability of local health advocates to tap into such international tobacco control networks, along with a good understanding of the local context, seem to have underpinned the ability to implement stringent tobacco control provisions in LMICs [58][59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Tobacco Industry Attempts To Hijack the Sustainable Developmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco control and sustainable development: shared challenges and future opportunities

Matthes¹,

Zatoński²

2019

jhi

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In recent years, scholars and public health officials have increasingly perceived tobacco as a threat to sustainable development. This article explores how stronger tobacco control efforts can contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. Most obviously, given that tobacco use and exposure account for over 7.2 million deaths annually, tobacco control is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being. However, the article also shows how tobacco is, among others, a driver of poverty and inequalities, a threat to sustainable economic growth, a challenge to the environment, and an obstacle to good governance. In effect, tobacco hinders progress on a host of other SDGs. Particular emphasis is placed on SDG 17: Partnership for the goals. While tobacco control partnerships for the past decades have helped attain public health progress globally, there is a risk of this SDG being hijacked by the tobacco industry and other corporate actors, who use it as a tool to justify the proliferation of public-private partnerships. Finally, the article calls for greater cross-disciplinary thinking and closer collaboration between tobacco control and development scholars, which could be crucial in designing successful tobacco control interventions in low-and middle-income countries, and could help achieve the Sustainable Development Agenda.

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Section: Tobacco Industry Attempts To Hijack the Sustainable Developmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco control and sustainable development: shared challenges and future opportunities

Matthes¹,

Zatoński²

2019

jhi

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show abstract

“…Next, the support from the Bloomberg Initiative which strengthened non-governmental organizations, which started to advocate for better tobacco controls. Such support for countries with limited resources for tobacco control show that a transnational tobacco control network can be very helpful in developing effective tobacco control measures [3,31,32]. Finally, after Poland joined the European Union (EU) in 2004, the country was obliged to meet the EU minimums for tobacco taxes [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with the requirements of the treaty, many parties to the FCTC have adopted national tobacco control programs to organize their tobacco control activities. This was met with active resistance from the tobacco industry, the overcoming of which required joint efforts by governments with the support of civil society organizations [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organizational and Financial Analysis of Polish Tobacco Control Program in 2000–2018

Balwicki

Tyrańska-Fobke

Balwicka-Szczyrba

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In accordance with the provisions of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), each country shall promote and strengthen public awareness of tobacco control issues (Article 12). Many parties to the FCTC have adopted national tobacco control programs to organize their tobacco control activities. The aim of our study was to analyze the organization and funding of the Polish Tobacco Control Program in years 2000–2018. Document analysis of The Program and reports from its implementation were performed in accordance to the Agency for Health Technology Assessment in Poland (AHTAPol) recommendations and the WHO FCTC guidelines for Article 12 implementation. Spending was also analyzed. The study showed both inadequate planning of and funding for Polish Tobacco Control Program. The Program was developed without use of best practices detailed in the WHO FCTC guidelines as well as in national guidelines prepared by AHTAPol. The experience of Poland shows that although earmarking tobacco taxes has existed in the law, it has been largely ineffective due to the poor Tobacco Control Program design and insufficient funding resulting from a poor execution of the earmarking law. This may be a warning to other countries to strive to create law, compliance with which can be verified and controlled.

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“…In low‐ and middle‐income countries, these needs can be more extensive. Considerable government commitment and civil society mobilization are required to overcome the industry's pressure …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalizing Tobacco? The Politics of Trade, Investment, and Tobacco Control

Jarman

2019

Milbank Quarterly

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Tobacco industry denormalization is a key strategy for tobacco control that has been formalized in the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. International trade and investment laws are a potential threat to tobacco industry denormalization because they do not automatically incorporate denormalization and, in theory, treat tobacco firms like other commercial interests. Countries that seek to defend tobacco control policies against international trade and investment challenges need to have good governance in two senses: good governance as understood by tribunals and good‐enough governance to manage the processes and requirements that enable policies to survive international challenges. Context Tobacco industry denormalization (TID), portraying tobacco product manufacturers as a deadly industry, is a major strategy for public health advocates. Using this strategy, activists around the world have successfully pushed for governments to enact tobacco control regulations, including the unprecedented international Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). TID has been a distinctive legal and political strategy that has affected the place of tobacco in law and has both inspired and constrained those who would imitate the strategy in other areas of regulation, such as diet or alcohol. It is therefore a case study in the creation of a distinctive legal approach and of threats to that approach from the changing role of world trade and investment law, which creates a new set of venues that tobacco industry advocates can use to redefine tobacco as a normal good and to seek out “fair and equitable treatment” for their industry. Methods I review legal and policy documents pertaining to two major challenges to tobacco control policies in Australia and Uruguay aimed at controlling industry branding. Findings International trade and investment law challenges TID and raises fundamental questions about the role of the state in protecting public health. Recent trade disputes involving Uruguay and Australia illustrate this dynamic. Despite losing high‐court challenges against packaging regulations in both countries, tobacco firms were still able to challenge states in a different way, through international trade and investment agreements. This article identifies the industry's strategies and the responses of those seeking to avoid renormalizing tobacco as a part of world trade. In particular, states must demonstrate that their tobacco control policies satisfy standards set by tribunals, which include standards of good governance, and they must prepare their policies in a way that reduces legal risk and requires good governance. Conclusions Although TID has strengthened the hand of tobacco control advocates, TID strategies alone are not sufficient to defend public regulations against extraterritorial legal challenges in an arena that resists the basic TID technique of singling out a particular industry. Public health advocates might also note the FCTC's aid in helping governments defend themselves against these challenges...

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Tobacco control law implementation in a middle-income country: Transnational tobacco control network overcoming tobacco industry opposition in Colombia

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

Tobacco control and sustainable development: shared challenges and future opportunities

Tobacco control and sustainable development: shared challenges and future opportunities

Organizational and Financial Analysis of Polish Tobacco Control Program in 2000–2018

Normalizing Tobacco? The Politics of Trade, Investment, and Tobacco Control

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