The effect of characteristics of proteins fed during gestation and lactation on development of metabolic syndrome in dams and male offspring of Wistar rats

Abstract

SummaryObjectiveThe objective of the study is to examine the role of characteristics of proteins in maternal and weaning diets on risk of metabolic syndrome in male offspring.MethodsPregnant Wistar rats were allocated to two groups (n = 12) and were fed the AIN‐93G diets based on either intact protein‐based diet (IPD) or mixed amino acid‐based diet (AAD) from day 3 of gestation throughout gestation and lactation. Male offspring were weaned to either an IPD or AAD diet for 18 weeks.ResultsIn dams, AAD group had lower body weight in post‐partum period and higher pulse rate compared with IPD group. In pups born to AAD dams, birth weight and body weight were significantly lower, and systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher compared with those born to IPD dams. Fat/weight ratio, insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were not influenced by either maternal or weaning diet.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the physico‐chemical structure of proteins fed to dams is important in altering risk factors of metabolic syndrome in the offspring, while weaning diets do not seem to play a role. IPD had more favourable effect than AAD. These results may also indicate that dietary recommendations during development must be updated based on physiological properties of dietary proteins that are beyond their nutritional role.

Cafeteria diet in breastfeeding dams promotes anxiolytic effects, accumulation of adipose tissue, and impacts offspring development

“…According to Słupecka et al 17 , the breastfeeding phase places a high energetic demand on dams, which is accompanied by an increase in food and, consequently, caloric intake. Jahan-Mihan et al 18 found similar results for the body weight of dams treated with AIN93-G diet. From the middle of the second week of treatment, the dams began to lose weight.…”

The Effect of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methyl Butyrate in Response to Exercise and High-Fat Diet on Body Weight, Body Composition and Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome in Male Wistar Rats

“…After 12 h fasting overnight, blood samples were drawn from the tail vein at fasting and 15, 30, and 60 min after a glucose administration (0.375 g glucose per mL, 5 g glucose per kg BW). 25 Blood pressure Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured by a non-invasive tail-cuff method (optical plethysmography) using a tail manometer tachometer system (BP-2000, Visitech system; Apex, NC, USA). After an adaptation process (5-day adaptation period), rats were restrained in holders on a constant warm platform (30 °C).…”

“…On the day of measurement, five mock measurements preceded a series of ten measurements that were used to calculate the average as reported previously. 25 Blood glucose Tail vein glucose concentration was assessed using test strips using a handheld commercial glucometer (Contour ® Next Blood Glucose Meter, Bayer Healthcare LLC, Mishawaka, IN, USA). The accuracy and variance of the glucometer and test strips were examined by applying control solutions (levels 1 and 2) provided by the manufacturer (Bayer, Bayer Healthcare LLC, Mishawaka, IN, USA).…”

“…The accuracy and variance of the glucometer and test strips were examined by applying control solutions (levels 1 and 2) provided by the manufacturer (Bayer, Bayer Healthcare LLC, Mishawaka, IN, USA). 25…”

The Role of Source of Protein in Regulation of Food Intake, Satiety, Body Weight and Body Composition

“…Authors suggested that the satiating effect of whey protein may be related to its specific amino acid composition . 67 However, the timing of the measurement (120min) might be too late since whey protein is a fast protein and in many studies, its effect was more significant within 1hour after administration. In another study, the effect of intact whey protein and amino acid-based diets fed during pregnancy and lactation on body weight, food intake and intake regulatory hormones in both mothers and their offspring of Wistar rats was tested.…”