The Role of Source of Protein in Regulation of Food Intake, Satiety, Body Weight and Body Composition

Mihan, Alireza Jahan

doi:10.15406/jnhfe.2017.06.00223

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Considering tryptophan, four food groups delivered more than 50% of average intake in the Polish diet, including meat products (18.4%), bread, rolls, and bread products (12.9%), red meat (10.6%), and poultry (10.6%). This structure of tryptophan contribution to average diets is important due to the role of tryptophan as a precursor of serotonin in food intake and appetite and this is analyzed in the scientific literature [7]. This function of tryptophan is related to carbohydrate-rich, protein-poor meals [67], and eating behavior control, meal size, and body weight [68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protein is a very important dietary macronutrient required for life [1,2,3,4,5,6] with various metabolic and physiologic functions, including the regulation of appetite, food intake, body weight, and body composition [7,8]. Its role in the regulation of blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, bone metabolism, and the immune system [9,10] is also described in the scientific literature [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the nine EAAs (leucine, valine, and isoleucine) are the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) [12]. Some researchers have analyzed the role of BCAAs in muscle protein synthesis [7,11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. To the other amino acids belong 11 conditionally essential amino acids (CEAAs) and non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a variety of proteins from a wide spectrum of food sources such as meat, milk, egg, soy, and other plants. Animal foods, in contrast to plant food, are perceived to have higher protein to energy ratios and better digestibility of protein and amino acids [6,7,9,22,23,24,25]. A US population study indicated that the share of animal food (including dairy products) in the total protein consumption amounted to 62% [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A US population study indicated that the share of animal food (including dairy products) in the total protein consumption amounted to 62% [26]. Fish, poultry, and red meat were the main sources of protein [7]. At the same time, meat and meat products contributed more to zinc, vitamin B12, phosphorus and iron intakes than plant food; however, plant products are higher contributors of fiber, vitamin E and magnesium [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food Products as Sources of Protein and Amino Acids—The Case of Poland

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to identify the food sources of protein and 18 amino acids (AAs) in the average Polish diet. The analysis was conducted based on the 2016 Household Budget Survey (HBS) on the consumption of food products from a representative sample of 38,886 households (n = 99,230). This survey was organized, conducted and controlled by the Central Statistical Office, Social Surveys and Living Conditions Statistics Department in cooperation with the Statistic Office in Łódź based on the recording of expenditures, quantitative consumption, and revenues in budget books for one month. 91 food products from 13 food categories (e.g., meat and meat products, grain products) consisting of 42 food groups (e.g., red meat, milk, cheese) were analyzed to determine protein and amino acid intake from these products. Three categories delivered 80.9% of total protein (meat and meat products: 38.9%; grain products: 23.9%; and milk and dairy products: 18.1%). The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: leucine, isoleucine and valine) were delivered mainly by meat and meat products (39.9%; 41.3% and 37.4%, respectively). Meat and meat products were also the most important source for other essential amino acids (EAAs: lysine 49.2%, histidine 46.6%, threonine 44.7%, tryptophan 41.4%, phenylalanine 35.3%, and methionine 44.2%). In terms of the contribution of the non-essential or conditionally essential amino acids to the average Polish diet, most important were grain products (for cysteine: 41.2%; glutamic acid: 33.8%; proline: 34.1%), and meat and meat products (for tyrosine: 38.3%; arginine: 46.1%; alanine: 48.7%; aspartic acid: 41.7%; glycine: 52.5%; serine: 33.6%). Five clusters were identified to assess the impact of socio-demographic and economic factors on the protein supply. The largest impact was observed for respondent education, degree of urbanization, study month, and usage of agricultural land. The shares of animal food in total protein supply amounted to 66.5% in total population and varied from 56.4% to 73.6% in different clusters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food Products as Sources of Protein and Amino Acids—The Case of Poland

et al. 2018

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Toxicological evaluation of protein powder derived from Cupriavidus necator

Modica

Glávits²,

Murbach

et al. 2023

J of Applied Toxicology

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Microorganisms have the potential to produce nutrient‐rich products that can be consumed as food or feed. The protein‐rich powder derived from heat treatment of the whole‐cell biomass of polyhydroxybutyrate‐deficient Cupriavidus necator, a metabolically versatile organism that uses elements found in the air, is an example of such a product. To assess the safety of the protein powder for use as a nutritional ingredient in human food, in accordance with internationally accepted standards, its genotoxic potential and repeated‐dose oral toxicity were investigated. A bacterial reverse mutation test, an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, and an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test were performed. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxicity was found. Additionally, a 90‐day repeated‐dose oral toxicity study in rats was completed, in which a total of 100 male and female Wistar rats were exposed by gavage to daily doses of 1000, 2000, or 3000 mg/kg bw/day of the test material. Following 90 days of continuous exposure, no mortality or treatment‐related adverse effects were observed and no target organs were identified. Therefore, a no observed adverse effect level was determined at 3000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.

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