Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

Gupta, Robin; Garg, Kranti; Bhalla, Mala; Janmeja, Ashok Kumar

doi:10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_451_15

Lung India

2017

DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_451_15

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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

Robin Gupta

Kranti Garg

Mala Bhalla

et al.

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy are two age-old infections, which we are facing even today. With drug-resistant TB on the rise, we report a case of multidrug-resistant TB with leprosy, which has never been reported previously. The peculiar course of this case forces us to rethink about the upcoming challenges due to their cooccurrence.

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“…published in the July–August 2017 issue of Lung India. [ 1 ] Till date, two hypotheses are present that could explain the simultaneous occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy in the same individual, namely, coinfection and cross-immunity. The authors mentioned that the studied patient questions the cross-immunity theory, as the patient, with active TB developed leprosy.…”

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“…The authors mentioned that the studied patient questions the cross-immunity theory, as the patient, with active TB developed leprosy. [ 1 ] I presume that the following point might be helpful in solving the mystery of development of TB and leprosy in the case in question. It is obvious that immunodeficient individuals are more vulnerable to wide spectrum, serious infections due to low immunity.…”

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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

Al‐Mendalawi

2017

Lung India

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

Al‐Mendalawi

2017

Lung India

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The protective effect of rifampicin on behavioral deficits, biochemical, and neuropathological changes in a cuprizone model of demyelination

Zahednasab

Firouzi

Kaboudanian-Ardestani

et al. 2019

Cytokine

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Bacterial, fungal and parasitic co-infections in leprosy: A scoping review

et al. 2023

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Background In leprosy patients, the most commonly reported non-viral co-infections are Tuberculosis, Leishmaniasis, Chromoblastomycosis and Helminths. The presence of a secondary infection is believed to increase the likelihood of leprosy reactions. The purpose of this review was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the most reported bacterial, fungal, and parasitic co-infections in leprosy. Methodology/Principal findings Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers, resulting in the inclusion of 89 studies. For tuberculosis, a total of 211 cases were identified, with a median age of 36 years and male predominance (82%). Leprosy was the initial infection in 89% of cases, 82% of individuals had multibacillary disease, and 17% developed leprosy reactions. For leishmaniasis, 464 cases were identified, with a median age of 44 years and male predominance (83%). Leprosy was the initial infection in 44% of cases, 76% of individuals presented with multibacillary disease, and 18% developed leprosy reactions. Regarding chromoblastomycosis, we identified 19 cases with a median age of 54 years and male predominance (88%). Leprosy was the primary infection in 66% of cases, 70% of individuals had multibacillary disease, and 35% developed leprosy reactions. Additionally, we found 151 cases of co-infection with leprosy and helminths, with a median age of 43 years and male predominance (68%). Leprosy was the primary infection in 66% of cases, and 76% of individuals presented with multibacillary disease, while the occurrence of leprosy reactions varied from 37% to 81% across studies. Conclusion We observed a male-dominated pattern of co-infections among working-age individuals with multibacillary leprosy. Unlike prior studies reporting increased leprosy reactions in chronic viral co-infections, our findings did not indicate any increase among bacterial, fungal, or parasitic co-infections. Rather, co-infections with tuberculosis and leishmaniasis appeared to reduce leprosy reactions.

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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and leprosy: An unsolved mystery

The protective effect of rifampicin on behavioral deficits, biochemical, and neuropathological changes in a cuprizone model of demyelination

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic co-infections in leprosy: A scoping review

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