Cell cycle genes are activated earlier than respiratory genes during release of grapevine buds from endodormancy

Abstract

Single-bud cuttings of Vitis vinifera L exposed to forced growing conditions were used to investigate the involvement of phytohormones, abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (Aux) and cytokinin (CK) in the release of buds from the ED and in bud-sprouting. This artificial system imitates and hastens the natural sprouting that occurs in spring. Temporal expression analysis of genes related to phytohormones synthesis, showed an early drop in the expression of ABA biosynthesis gene that preceded an increase in Aux and CK biosynthesis genes. Bud-break is headed by the activation of all structures of the latent bud, especially the differentiation of the inflorescence and the development of the early stages of floral organs. Therefore, resumption of cell division and increases in respiration are essential for the activation of the bud. Temporal expression analysis of the cell cycle and respiration genes indicate that an increase in cell division go before the increase in respiration. These results, together with results indicating that the cell cycle genes are upregulated by Aux and CK, suggest that the events before the bud-break, start with a reduction in ABA content, followed by an increase in the content of Aux and CK, which activates the machinery of the cell cycle, which eventually would cause an increase in respiration.

Hormone and carbohydrate metabolism associated genes play important roles in rhizome bud full‐year germination of Cephalostachyum pingbianense

“…Bud growth is accompanied by an increase in cell division, and cell cycle‐related genes are activated during this process (Noriega & Pérez, 2017). In this study, the expressions of CYCD , CYCB , CDKB , and APC , which have important effects on G1‐S or G2‐M transition of cell division (Velappan et al, 2017), were upregulated in GBs.…”

GA3 is superior to GA4 in promoting bud endodormancy release in tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) and their potential working mechanism

“…In addition, the cell proliferation-related genes including MAP kinase, cyclins, and cyclin dependent-kinases, etc., were assumed to involve in the dormancy-growth transition. In grapevine, cell cycle genes encoding cyclin dependent-kinase (CDKB1 and CDKB2) and cyclins (CYCA, CYCB and CYCD) were activated during bud endodormancy release [ 34 ]. These results indicated that dormancy break was accompanied by cell cycle and cell division reactivation.…”

PsSOC1 is involved in the gibberellin pathway to trigger cell proliferation and budburst during endodormancy release in tree peony

“…Certain growth‐promoting factors can induce the expression of CDKA and D‐type cyclins ( CYCD ). These cell cycle related genes are involved in the regulation of bud dormancy maintenance, as well as the chilling‐ and GA‐induced dormancy release of perennial buds, including tea, poplar, grape, and tree peony (Noriega & Perez, 2017; Thirugnanasambantham et al ., 2020; Azeez et al ., 2021; Zhang et al ., 2021). For instance, in poplar, AP2/ERF transcription factor EBB3 is a target of ABA signaling downstream, which binds the GCC‐box motif to regulate CYCD3.1 expression, thus activating the cell cycle and accelerating budbreak (Azeez et al ., 2021).…”