Prevalence of uropathogen and their antibiotic resistance pattern among diabetic patients

Nigussie, Demiss; Amsalu, Anteneh

doi:10.5152/tud.2016.86155

Cited by 49 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…This was relatively comparable with a study conducted in Nekemte, Ethiopia (80.6%) [ 13 ], and Gondar, Ethiopia (80.2%) [ 11 ]. The higher resistance in S. aureus to tetracycline (85.7%) and nitrofurantoin (85.7%) was in line with a study conducted in Gondar, Ethiopia [ 11 ], and Hawassa, Ethiopia [ 14 ]. The similarity might be attributed to poor adherence to antibiotics, the use of antibiotics as a prophylactic treatment, easy availability, and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials by health professionals and patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In this study, the odds of developing UTI were significantly higher for diabetic patients who had a history of UTI than for those who had no history of UTI. This was consistent with previous studies conducted in Nekemte, Ethiopia [ 13 ], but it was contradicted with a study conducted in Hawassa, Ethiopia [ 14 ], which showed a diabetic patient with no previous history of UTI had higher odds of UTI. The possible explanation for the difference might be due to relapse of the infection as a result of ineffective treatment and the presence of high concentration of sugar in diabetic urine, which serves as a media for a proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, or recall bias [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Socio-demographic characteristics, associated factors and clinical data were collected by two trained nurses using a structured questionnaire developed from different kinds of literature [ 12 , 14 , 15 ]. Each diabetic patient was instructed how to collect a clean-catch midstream urine specimen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infections among Adult Diabetic Patients at Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Gutema¹,

Weldegebreal

Marami

et al. 2018

International Journal of Microbiology

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Urinary tract infection causes considerable morbidity in diabetic patients and if complicated, can cause severe renal damage and life-threatening infections. The escalating antimicrobial resistance rate among bacteria over the past years is another concern in the treatment of urinary tract infections. This study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates and associated factors of urinary tract infection among adult diabetic patients attending Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 233 adult diabetic patients selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Clean-catch midstream urine samples were investigated for the presence of pathogenic bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern using recommended culture methods. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences version 21.0. Statistical significance was set at a p-value < 0.05. The prevalence of urinary tract infection was 16.7% (95%, CI: 12.0, 21.5). The predominant isolates were Escherichia coli (25.6%) and Klebsiella spp. (20.5%). E. coli isolates showed higher sensitivity to ceftriaxone (80%), ciprofloxacin (70%), and gentamycin (70%), but resistant to tetracycline (60%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (85.7%), and gentamycin (57.1%), while resistant to tetracycline (85.7%), nitrofurantoin (85.7%), and ampicillin (71.4%). The odds of developing urinary tract infections were significantly higher in diabetic females (AOR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.44, 8.76), those who were not able to read and write (AOR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.19, 5.49) and those with a history of urinary tract infection (AOR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.09, 4.90) compared with their counterparts. In this study, the prevalence of urinary tract infection among diabetic patients was relatively comparable with the previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. Management of urinary tract infection in diabetic patients should be supported with culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infections among Adult Diabetic Patients at Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Gutema¹,

Weldegebreal

Marami

et al. 2018

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…29 However, it was relatively higher than the study performed in Addis Ababa (13.6%), 15 Debre Tabor (19%), 16 Hawassa (23.1%), 25 Harar (20%), 14 and Sudan (17.1%). 13 On the other hand, the prevalence of asymptomatic UTI (9.4%) was comparable with studies conducted in Addis Ababa (10.4%), 15 Hawassa (11.2%), 25 and Harar (12.4%), 14 but lower than similar study reports from Gondar (14.7%), 26 Debre Tabor (80.9%), 16 and Sudan (20.9%). 13 Such variations might also be due to differences in risk factors with geographical areas, sample size, study population, and deployment of diverse methodologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

<p>Bacterial Profiles and Their Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infection and Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Gram-Negative Uropathogens Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia</p>

Alemu¹,

Belete²,

Gebre-Selassie³

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Purpose: To determine the bacterial profile with its associated risk factors and to identify extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacterial uropathogens among diabetic patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to September 2018. A total of 336 diabetic patients were included using a simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and risk factor-related data. A 10-mL mid-stream urine specimen was collected and transported to the microbiology laboratory for culture, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and detection of ESBL-producing bacteria. The data were entered into SPSS version 22, and descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. A p-value ≤0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was considered for statistical significance. Results: Among 336 diabetic patients, the overall prevalence of UTI was 11.6%. The predominant bacterial isolate was Escherichia coli 12/39 (30.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 11/ 39 (28.2%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci 7/39 (17.9%). Gram-negative isolates showed 100% resistance to ampicillin, whereas Gram-positive isolates showed a high level of resistance to penicillin and tetracycline. Moreover, MDR was observed among 18 (46.2%) of the isolates and 2 of the isolated Gram-negative bacteria were ESBL producers. Being illiterate (AOR=7.226, 95% CI: (1.478, 35.340), p<0.015), having current symptoms of UTI (AOR = 2.702, 95% CI: (1.102, 6.624), p=0.030), and blood glucose level ≥126 mg/dl (AOR = 2.940, 95% CI: (1.080, 8.005), p=0.035) were significantly associated with the occurrence of bacterial UTI. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria (11.6%) in this study was comparable with some studies in Ethiopia and relatively lower than others. A moderately higher rate of resistance to the commonly used antimicrobial agents was noticed for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates. Health information dissemination should be given about UTI, glycemic control, and habit of drug use for diabetes mellitus patients.

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“…[5][6][7] High prevalence of infection, irrational uses of antibiotics, over-the counter availability of antibiotics and poor infection prevention practices leads to emergence of multi drug resistance. 8 In the context of this, present study was undertaken with the aims to study the various uropathogens and their sensitivity pattern, so that this knowledge can be utilized for betterment of the community as well as for controlling the drug resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent pattern of drug sensitivity of most commonly isolated uropathogens from Central India

Lawhale¹,

Naikwade

2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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INTRODUCTIONUrinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infection in the human population affecting all the age groups.1 It remains a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial cost. Worldwide about 150 million people are being diagnosed with urinary tract infection every year.2 Studies suggest that the overall prevalence of UTI is higher in women, an estimated 50% of women experience at least one episode of UTI at some point of their lifetime and between 20% and 40% of women can have recurrent episodes.3,4 UTI is less common in males as compared to females. 4 Urinary tract infection is due to an inflammatory response of urothelium to the invading pathogenic organisms.2 E-coli is the most common bacteria associated with the etiology of UTI. Other organisms ABSTRACT Background:The objective of the study is to assess the latest antibiotic sensitivity pattern of most commonly isolated organisms in urinary tract infection (UTI). Widespread and irrational use of antibiotics has led to development of highly resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this study was performed to assess the recent antibiotic sensitivity pattern in urinary tract infection among the human population. Methods: The study conducted from July 2016 to April 2017, in clinical microbiology laboratory, Sara Diagnostics (fully automated) laboratories, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. 3000 urine samples were studied. The processing of the samples were done by standard microbiological methods. The antibiotic susceptibility was measured by disk diffusion test. CLSI guidelines were used for the antibiotic susceptibility evaluation. Results: Out of these, 1729 (57.63%) samples were culture positive showing significant bacteriuria. The most common bacteria isolated was E. coli (n=1040, 60.15%), followed by Enterococcus spp. (n=275, 15.90%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=210, 12.14%), Staphylococcus aureus (n=105, 6.07%) and Pseudomonas spp. (n=50, 2.89%) in this study. The study showed marked resistance to doxycycline, quinolones, cephalosporins and greater sensitivity to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, showing them better treatment options. Conclusions: The study confirmed, E.coli is still the most common bacteria to cause UTI, irrespective of geographical area. Nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin showed very high susceptibility to urinary tract infection pathogens, which include most commonly isolated gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive cocci, which were resistant to other various antibiotic groups. Thus, nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin seemed to be promising drugs.

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Prevalence of uropathogen and their antibiotic resistance pattern among diabetic patients

Cited by 49 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infections among Adult Diabetic Patients at Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infections among Adult Diabetic Patients at Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

<p>Bacterial Profiles and Their Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infection and Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Gram-Negative Uropathogens Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia</p>

Recent pattern of drug sensitivity of most commonly isolated uropathogens from Central India

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