Four years of experimental warming do not modify the interaction between subalpine shrub species

Anadon‐Rosell, Alba; Ninot, Josep M.; Palacio, Sara; Grau, Oriol; Nogués, Salvador; Navarro, Enrique; Sancho, Maria Carmen; Carrillo, Empar

doi:10.1007/s00442-017-3830-7

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…However, in Vaccinium, the reproductive success of pollen-supplemented branches did not vary among temperature zones, suggesting that there was no direct effect of temperature zone on this species. This result is in line with previous studies that have shown Vaccinium uliginosum to be insensitive to experimental summer warming in terms of growth and reproduction (Anadon-Rosell et al 2017;Natali, Schuur, and Rubin 2012;Wahren, Walker, and Bret-Harte 2005). There was also evidence that temperature zone directly affected Chamerion reproduction, with the warm zone having the lowest fruit set in pollen-supplemented plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Pollen limitation and reproduction of three plant species across a temperature gradient in western Greenland

Urbanowicz

Virginia

Irwin

2018

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Rapid climate change in the Arctic may increase sexual reproduction in plants because of changes in both abiotic factors, such as temperature, and biotic factors, such as pollination. Pollination may currently limit plant reproduction in the Arctic, where cold temperatures hinder pollinator activity. To understand how warming may affect pollination and plant reproduction, we studied three plant species in western Greenland. Two species were hermaphroditic and insect-pollinated (Vaccinium uliginosum and Chamerion latifolium), and one was dioecious and insect-and wind-pollinated (Salix glauca). We measured how pollinator visitation and plant reproduction varied across three temperature zones. We also conducted pollinator exclusion and pollen supplementation experiments to measure pollinator dependence and pollen limitation. Proportion of fruit set in Vaccinium and Salix was pollen limited in every temperature zone, and Vaccinium and Chamerion depended on pollinatormediated outcrossing for maximum reproductive success. Furthermore, higher pollinator visitation to Vaccinium in the warmer temperature zones mirrored lower pollen limitation and higher fruit set, suggesting that temperature zone indirectly influenced reproduction via changes in pollination. Taken together, our results demonstrate that both abiotic factors and pollination are important in limiting reproduction in the Arctic and that plant-pollinator interactions can mediate the response of plant reproduction to warming.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Pollen limitation and reproduction of three plant species across a temperature gradient in western Greenland

Urbanowicz

Virginia

Irwin

2018

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…Our results align with the hypothesis that the buffering effects of facilitation are relatively resistant to environmental change (Anadon-Rosell et al 2017, Pugnaire et al 2020. Concordantly, species compositional differences along the microtopographic gradient were maintained over time (Fig.…”

Section: Linking Competition-faciliation Gradient To Microtopographysupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This species replaces those with the lower R* values for soil water/nutrients (Dybzinski and Tilman 2007). Alternatively, if they are not substitutable, interspecific interactions would remain unchanged because belowground resource limitation cannot be overcome by increased light availability (Anadon-Rosell et al 2017, Pugnaire et al 2020. Belowground resource limitation prevents competitive dominance of species with the lower R* values for light at the soil surface, whose occurrence at resource poor-sites depends on facilitation by stress-tolerant species that ameliorate the soil conditions (Doudová and Douda 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of above‐ and belowground resource limitations: a competition–facilitation shift maintains species coexistence

Douda

Doudová

Holeštová

et al. 2021

Oikos

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Forest ecosystems are commonly characterised by a hierarchy of resources. During a disturbance of a forest community, increased light availability in the understorey can support competitive interactions at the expense of facilitation. This may overwhelm the role of belowground resource heterogeneity in maintaining species coexistence and so result in biotic homogenisation of a site. We re-surveyed species composition while estimating interspecific interactions along a microtopographic (moisture) gradient of a temperate swamp forest after increasing the availability of light into the undergrowth. We measured temporal changes in species diversity, compositional dissimilarity measures and functional traits, while belowground resource heterogeneity remained unchanged over time. To explain observed changes in terms of prevailing interspecific interactions, we evaluated temporal changes in the competition-facilitation balance. The productivity of understorey vegetation increased strongly over the five years of the study. This was accompanied by an increase in species diversity and the maintenance of compositional dissimilarity. The relative importance of competitive and facilitative interactions along the microtopographic gradient did not change over time. Rather than an overall biotic homogenisation of a site, we observed a spread of resource acquisitive species within the resource-rich sites and of stress-tolerant species within the resource-limited sites. We have shown that the temporary increase in productivity did not mitigate the effects of belowground resource heterogeneity on plant species turnover, which is likely maintained by contrasting interspecific interactions prevalent in different parts of the resource gradient. This suggests contrasting community assembly processes maintain diversity and productivity even in a local community.

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“…An investigation of V. myrtillus in pure and mixed stands with V. uliginosum and/or Rhododendron ferrugineum has shown that although V. myrtillus competes for nutrients with its neighbors, neither this competition nor the lower water use efficiency of V. myrtillus affects its aboveground performance. These results indicate that interaction with co-occurring shrubs does not have a major effect on V. myrtillus structure and function at the treeline and consequently should not be considered a key driver of the dynamics of this species in the encroachment of subalpine grasslands [120,85]. A Norwegian survey over 4 years has shown that location has a strong effect on canopy ground cover and the tiller height of European blueberry, and the highest increase of canopy cover was observed in spruce forests.…”

Section: 21b Biotic Edaphic and Nutritional Conditions Influencmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Warming did not induce shifts in the interaction between V. myrtillus and its neighboring species, in contrast with findings from previous studies, in which they were removed from their natural habitat, and species interactions changed at modified temperatures. These findings indicate that studies involving natural habitats are important in exploring the effects of environmental changes on plant-to-plant interactions [85].…”

Section: Development Of Wild Berries Under Conditions Created By Climmentioning

confidence: 94%

Review of botanical characterization, growth preferences, climatic adaptation and human health effects of Ericaceae and Empetraceae wild dwarf shrub berries in boreal, alpine and arctic areas

Nestby

Hykkerud

Martinussen

2019

JBR

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BACKGROUND: Interest in the wild berries of dwarf shrubs (wild berries) is increasing. Therefore, an update is important regarding how these species react to and interact with different climatic factors, and on how the predicted climatic changes will affect their distribution, growth and content of compounds affecting health. OBJECTIVE: To systemize knowledge of the Ericaceae and Empetraceae wild berry species. METHODS: A review of literature covering the above topics. CONCLUSION: This review includes five wild berry species and their subspecies: Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium vitisidaea, Vaccinium uliginosum, Vaccinium oxycoccos with ssp. microcarpon, and Empetrum nigrum with ssp. nigrum, hermaphroditum and japonicum. They have been and still are collected in the wild, by local households and industry. The berries have high content of biological compounds of interest for human health. Despite the increasing interest in and demand for these wild berries, domestication attempts have been rare. The species often grow together and are competitors. Which species dominate depends on soil conditions and is determined by small differences. The changing climate and various disturbances will also influence the distribution patterns of wild berries and competing plant species. Semi-cultivation in the natural habitat is probably the best solution for viable and sustainable commercial exploitation of these resources, at least if they are sold with the label "wild berries". However, these species are easily propagated by fresh cuttings, and they can grow on arable land, adapting soil conditions to fit their growing preferences. Such cultivation, to our knowledge has not yet been performed on a large economic scale.

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Four years of experimental warming do not modify the interaction between subalpine shrub species

Cited by 13 publications

References 71 publications

Pollen limitation and reproduction of three plant species across a temperature gradient in western Greenland

Pollen limitation and reproduction of three plant species across a temperature gradient in western Greenland

Interplay of above‐ and belowground resource limitations: a competition–facilitation shift maintains species coexistence

Review of botanical characterization, growth preferences, climatic adaptation and human health effects of Ericaceae and Empetraceae wild dwarf shrub berries in boreal, alpine and arctic areas

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