Carboxylated nanodiamonds can be used as negative reference inin vitronanogenotoxicity studies

Abstract

Nanodiamonds (NDs) are promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications. However, a few studies highlighted an in vitro genotoxic activity for detonation NDs, which was not evidenced in one of our previous work quantifying γ-H2Ax after 20 and 100 nm high-pressure high-temperature ND exposures of several cell lines. To confirm these results, in the present work, we investigated the genotoxicity of the same 20 and 100 nm NDs and added intermediate-sized NDs of 50 nm. Conventional in vitro genotoxicity tests were used, i.e., the in vitro micronucleus and comet assays that are recommended by the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety for the toxicological evaluation of nanomedicines. In vitro micronucleus and in vitro comet assays (standard and hOGG1-modified) were therefore performed in two human cell lines, the bronchial epithelial 16HBE14o- cells and the colon carcinoma T84 cells. Our results did not show any genotoxic activity, whatever the test, the cell line or the size of carboxylated NDs. Even though these in vitro results should be confirmed in vivo, they reinforce the potential interest of carboxylated NDs for biomedical applications or even as a negative reference nanoparticle in nanotoxicology. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hydrogen plasma treated nanodiamonds lead to an overproduction of hydroxyl radicals and solvated electrons in solution under ionizing radiation

“…As regards their toxicity, ND are considered as the most biocompatible among the carbonaceous nanomaterials [10,11]. Indeed, carboxylated nanodiamonds were recently proposed as a negative control for nanogenotoxicity studies according to regulatory tests [12]. Besides drug delivery, bioimaging and biosensing, considered as the major bioapplications developed so far for ND [13], radiotherapy has to be added to the list since the pioneering work of Grall et al [14].…”

Gold‐Decorated Nanodiamonds: Powerful Multifunctional Materials for Sensing, Imaging, Diagnostics, and Therapy

“…Today small NDs (4–10 nm) are synthesized in large quantities at a relatively low cost by detonation methodology and are the most frequently experimented in the biological and medical application. In vitro and in vivo animal studies, including oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous administration, demonstrated the absence of genotoxicity cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and non‐toxicity of nanodiamonds …”

Application of Carbon Nanoparticles in Oncology and Regenerative Medicine

“…Opposite results were reported by Moche et al [27] who conducted the research on HBE14 bronchial epithelial cell lines and T84 colon cancer cells. NDs of various diameters of 20, 50 and 100 nm was added to the medium and cells were incubated for 4 h. DNA damage was assessed using a comet test and a micronucleus test.…”

“…Nanodiamonds (NDs) are tiny diamond crystals only a few nanometers in diameter, composed of carbon atoms arranged regularly ( Figure 1 C). They show exceptional hardness and excellent wear resistance [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Compared to fullerenes and nanotubes, NDs have a rough surface which facilitates their adhesion to other molecules.…”