Antiviral Potential and Mode of Action of <i>Indigofera Heterantha</i> against HSV-2 by Targeting the Early Stages of Infection

Kapoor‐Kaushik, Natasha; Guha, Rupa; Thomas, Becky

doi:10.3851/imp3118

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The use of phytoderivatives is generally transmitted as a consequence of their ancient applications, most of them lately rediscovered, or under stronger evaluation. Scientists have published some experimental data related with isolated vegetal derivatives, for example on specific infections of urogenital pathogens, as Candida vaginal infections [21], some viruses [22], and parasites as Trichomonas [23] or bacteria [24]. In addition, they are widely recommended and included in the design of vegetal-derived formulas for postmenopausal women or for reproductive disorders [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of phytoderivatives on the growth of homologous beneficial vaginal lactobacilli (BVL) strains and their compatibility for the design of phytobiotics for the vaginal tract health

Marchesi¹,

Silva²,

Ficoseco³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Lactobacilli are the predominant bacteria in the vaginal tract, and while they are present, can prevent infectious situations, being used as probiotics for the health of the tract. Phytoderivatives are used historically to prevent or maintain the health of the tract, and is possible to combine both bioactives for novel vaginal formulas. The aim of this work was to study the effect of phytoderivatives (individual or combined extracts) on the growth of homologous vaginal lactic acid bacteria and their compatibility, to go further in the design of a combined pharmabiotic formula for the prevention or treatment of urogenital tract infections.Methods: the effect of phytocompounds approved by Pharcopoeias was evaluated on the growth of beneficial lactic acid bacteria previously isolated from the vaginal tract. Statistical methods, as CART, were applied to determine the stimulatory or inhibitory effect of the vegetal sources on bacterial growth by applying different methodology. Compatibility between phyto and lactobacilli was determined, and the phenolic compounds contents quantified, to define the optimal conditions for the formula design. Results: The BVL strains showing highest growth values with most of the phytoderivatives under study were L. gasseri CRL 1361, L. ga. CRL 1509 and L. ga. CRL 1263, and L. jensenii CRL 1333 and L. jen. CRL 1317, indicating the behavior is strain-dependent, and vegetable-compound-affected. The most adequate phytoderivatives were: Carica, Centella, Plantago, Uva ursi*, Zarzaparrila*, Cola de caballo, Echinaceae, Ortiga and Palo Azul.Conclusions: The BVL strains showing optimal resistance to the phytocompounds and compatibility with them were L. gasseri CRL 1320, 1307, 1509, L. salivarius CRL 1296 and L. rhamnosus CRL 1332 combined with Uva ursi*, Zarzaparrilla* and Echinaceae that will be used for the design of optimal phytobiotic formulas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of phytoderivatives on the growth of homologous beneficial vaginal lactobacilli (BVL) strains and their compatibility for the design of phytobiotics for the vaginal tract health

Marchesi¹,

Silva²,

Ficoseco³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Within this time frame, there were two (1.46%) studies in 2015 [ 6 , 7 ], 15 (10.95%) studies in 2016 [ 1 , 3 , 8 - 20 ], 19 (13.87%) studies in 2017 [ 21 - 39 ], 27 (19.71%) studies in 2018 [ 40 - 64 ], 23 (16.79%) studies in 2019 [ 2 , 65 - 86 ], 24 (17.52%) studies in 2020 [ 87 - 110 ], and 27 (19.70%) studies in 2021 [ 111 - 137 ]. Regarding the type of studies reviewed, 121 (88.32%) studies included in vitro elements [ 2 , 3 , 6 - 12 , 14 - 20 , 23 - 26 , 28 - 42 , 44 - 47 , 49 - 56 , 58 - 64 , 66 , 68 - 72 , 74 - 77 , 79 , 80 , 82 - 87 , 89 - 118 , 120 , 122 - 133 , 135 - 139 ] and 23 (16.79%) in vivo [ 2 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 22 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 37 , 43 , 48 , 56 , 62 , 67 , 73 , 78 , 81 , 100 , …”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When determining the effectiveness of the proposed interventions, five (3.65%) were shown not to be effective [84,107,126,131,139], three (2.19%) were somewhat effective [21,46,53], and 128 (93.43%) were effective as potential managements for resistant strains of HSV [1][2][3][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][47][48][49][50][51][52][54][55][56][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]…”

Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Second-Line Treatments in Antiviral Resistant Strains of HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV

Lince¹,

DeMario²,

Yang³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Drug-resistant variants of herpes simplex viruses (HSV) have been reported that are not effectively treated with first-line antiviral agents. The objective of this study was to evaluate available literature on the possible efficacy of second-line treatments in HSV and the use of second-line treatments in HSV strains that are resistant to first-line treatments. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a final search was conducted in six databases on November 5, 2021 for all relevant literature using terms related to antiviral resistance, herpes, and HSV. Eligible manuscripts were required to report the presence of an existing or proposed second-line treatment for HSV-1, HSV-2, or varicella zoster virus (VZV); have full-text English-language access; and potentially reduce the rate of antiviral resistance. Following screening, 137 articles were included in qualitative synthesis. Of the included studies, articles that examined the relationship between viral resistance to first-line treatments and potential second-line treatments in HSV were included. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess risk of bias. Due to the heterogeneity of study designs, a meta-analysis of the studies was not performed. The dates in which accepted studies were published spanned from 2015-2021. In terms of sample characteristics, the majority (72.26%) of studies used Vero cells. When looking at the viruses on which the interventions were tested, the majority (84.67%) used HSV-1, with (34.31%) of these studies reporting testing on resistant HSV strains. Regarding the effectiveness of the proposed interventions, 91.97% were effective as potential managements for resistant strains of HSV. Of the papers reviewed, nectin in 2.19% of the reviews had efficacy as a second-line treatments in HSV, amenamevir in 2.19%, methanol extract in 2.19%, monoclonal antibodies in 1.46%, arbidol in 1.46%, siRNA swarms in 1.46%, Cucumis melo sulfated pectin in 1.46%, and components from Olea europeae in 1.46%. In addition to this griffithsin in 1.46% was effective, Morus alba L. in 1.46%, using nucleosides in 1.46%, botryosphaeran in 1.46%, monoterpenes in 1.46%, almond skin extracts in 1.46%, bortezomib in 1.46%, flavonoid compounds in 1.46%, andessential oils were effective in 1.46%, but not effective in 0.73%. The available literature reviewed consistently supports the existence and potentiality of second-line treatments for HSV strains that are resistant to first-line treatments. Immunocompromised patients have been noted to be the population most often affected by drug-resistant variants of HSV. Subsequently, we found that HSV infections in this patient population are challenging to manage clinically effectively. The goal of this systematic review is to provide additional information to patients on the potentiality of second-line treatment in HSV strains resistant to first-line treatments, especially those who are immunocompromised. All patients,...

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“…A subsequent study by the authors showed the extract elicits its effect early in the viral replication cycle by blocking HSV-2 attachment, adsorption, and entry into host cells. 191 Furthermore, He et al 39 observed an ethanolic extract of the fungus Antrodia camphorata to have antiviral activity against HSV-1 (strain F) and HSV-2 (strain G). Although not nearly as potent as acyclovir, A. camphorata was found to inhibit viral plaque formation with IC 50 values of 61.2 mg/ml and 57.5 mg/ml for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively.…”

Section: Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A subsequent study by the authors showed the extract elicits its effect early in the viral replication cycle by blocking HSV-2 attachment, adsorption, and entry into host cells. 191…”

Section: Single Herbs In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo

Garber

Barnard

Pickrell

2021

J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med

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Herpes simplex viruses, HSV-1 and HSV-2, are highly contagious and cause lifelong, latent infections with recurrent outbreaks of oral and/or genital lesions. No cure exists for HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections, but antiviral medications are commonly used to prevent and treat outbreaks. Resistance to antivirals has begun to emerge, placing an importance on finding new and effective therapies for prophylaxis and treatment of HSV outbreaks. Botanicals may be effective HSV therapies as the constituents they contain act through a variety of mechanisms, potentially making the development of antiviral resistance more challenging. A wide variety of plants from different regions in the world have been studied for antiviral activity against HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 and showed efficacy of varying degrees. The purpose of this review is to summarize research conducted on whole plant extracts against HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 in vitro and in vivo. The majority of the research reviewed was conducted in vitro using animal cell lines, and some studies used an animal model design. Also summarized are a limited number of human trials conducted using botanical therapies on HSV lesions.

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Antiviral Potential and Mode of Action of Indigofera Heterantha against HSV-2 by Targeting the Early Stages of Infection

Abstract: The extract targets the early and late stages of HSV-2 viral life cycle and thus shows great promise as both a prophylactic as well as therapeutic phytopharmaceutical against HSV-2.

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of phytoderivatives on the growth of homologous beneficial vaginal lactobacilli (BVL) strains and their compatibility for the design of phytobiotics for the vaginal tract health

Effect of phytoderivatives on the growth of homologous beneficial vaginal lactobacilli (BVL) strains and their compatibility for the design of phytobiotics for the vaginal tract health

A Systematic Review of Second-Line Treatments in Antiviral Resistant Strains of HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV

Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo

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