Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo

Garber, Anna; Barnard, Lianna; Pickrell, Chris

doi:10.1177/2515690x20978394

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 181 publications

(311 reference statements)

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“…Here, the proposed mechanism is quite different from that of our formulations since the rose oils, added after the virus entered the cell together with acyclovir at a concentration four times lower than the IC50, considerably reduced the viral yield. Even if many extracts shown in Garber's review have been shown to be effective against the acyclovir-resistant strain, no olive fruit or leaf extracts have been investigated [24]. Therefore, to our knowledge, the present study highlights for the first time the remarkable antiherpetic potential of both the investigated OFE and the proposed natural formulations.…”

Section: Antiviral Activity Of the Three Formulations Against Acyclov...mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In addition, when mice were orally co-treated with acyclovir and a herbal extract, there was a progressive regression of skin lesions and the survival times were prolonged. Moreover, a huge number of botanical extracts were studied singularly, as recently reviewed by Garber and coworkers [24]. For instance, Houttuynia cordata (H. cordata) extract exhibited similar antiviral potential against HSV-1 and the acyclovir-resistant strain (IC50 at 1.11 mg/mL), mainly at the beginning of infection [25].…”

Section: Antiviral Activity Of the Three Formulations Against Acyclov...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Formulations Based on Olea europaea L. Fruit Extract for the Topical Treatment of HSV-1 Infections

Cometa¹,

Zannella

Busto

et al. 2022

Molecules

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In the present study, a hydroxytyrosol-rich Olea europaea L. fruit extract (OFE) was added to three thoroughly green formulations—hydrogel, oleogel, and cream—in order to evaluate their antiviral activity against HSV-1. The extract was characterized by different analytical techniques, i.e., FT-IR, XPS, and TGA. HPLC analyses were carried out to monitor the content and release of hydroxytyrosol in the prepared formulations. The total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity were investigated through Folin–Ciocâlteu’s reagent, DPPH, and ABTS assays. The ability of the three formulations to convey active principles to the skin was evaluated using a Franz cell, showing that the number of permeated polyphenols in the hydrogel (272.1 ± 1.8 GAE/g) was significantly higher than those in the oleogel and cream (174 ± 10 and 179.6 ± 2 GAE/g, respectively), even if a negligible amount of hydroxytyrosol crossed the membrane for all the formulations. The cell viability assay indicated that the OFE and the three formulations were not toxic to cultured Vero cells. The antiviral activity tests highlighted that the OFE had a strong inhibitory effect against HSV-1 with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 25 µg/mL, interfering directly with the viral particles. Among the three formulations, the hydrogel exhibited the highest antiviral activity also against the acyclovir-resistant strain.

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Section: Antiviral Activity Of the Three Formulations Against Acyclov...mentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Antiviral Activity Of the Three Formulations Against Acyclov...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Formulations Based on Olea europaea L. Fruit Extract for the Topical Treatment of HSV-1 Infections

Cometa¹,

Zannella

Busto

et al. 2022

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The natural products to be studied were selected mainly based on availability. In the case of plant extracts, most of them showed antiviral activity against HSV-1 [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. On the basis of molecular docking, some compounds present in essential oils (β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, linalool, trans-anethole, S-limonene, R-limonene, cis-verbenol, and guaiol) have been proposed as binders of SARS-CoV-2 spike and ACE2 [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Natural Products Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Entry

et al. 2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the search for new molecules with antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. The entry of the virus into the cell is one of the main targets for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection. Natural products are an important source of new therapeutic alternatives against diseases. Pseudotyped viruses allow the study of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry inhibitors, and due to their simplicity, they allow the screening of a large number of antiviral candidates in Biosafety Level 2 facilities. We used pseudotyped HIV-1 with the D614G SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein to test its ability to infect ACE2-expressing HEK 293T cells in the presence of diverse natural products, including 21 plant extracts, 7 essential oils, and 13 compounds from plants and fungi. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was evaluated using the resazurin method. From these analyses, we determined the inhibitory activity of the extract of Stachytarpheta cayennensis, which had a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 91.65 µg/mL, a CC50 of 693.5 µg/mL, and a selectivity index (SI) of 7.57, indicating its potential use as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 entry. Moreover, our work indicates the usefulness of the pseudotyped-virus system in the screening of SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors.

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“…According to reports, it has spread to 216 countries and killed about 0.5 million people. Over 11 million people have been infected with SARS CoV-2 infected in the United States and its allies like Russia and the European nations of France, Italy, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom before it [50][51][52][53][54][55]. An RNA genome of between 26.4 and 31.7 kb, and a crown-like glycoprotein on its surface, characterizes SARS COV-2, which can be pleomorphic.…”

Section: Review Epidemiology Molecular Organization and Life Cycle Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plant Metabolites on the Growth of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) Including Omicron Strain

Bagde¹,

Dhopte²

2022

Cureus

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According to recent reports out of India, a new strain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) B1.1.529 Omicron virus has emerged. In comparison to the Wuhan (WHU) strain and the delta variant, this variant showed a far stronger effect on the angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) receptor. There are several medicinal compounds in plant metabolites, and their diverse chemical structures make them ideal for the treatment of serious illnesses. It's possible that some of these could be useful alternative pharmaceuticals, as well as a starting point for the repurposing of existing medications and new chemical discoveries. SARS-CoV-2 infection triggered a worldwide epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). There have been trials for different therapies for SARS-CoV-2 and so also there are recent announcements of extensive research into the development of viable medicines for this global health calamity. After a thorough examination of plant-derived treatments for COVID-19, investigators in the current study decided to focus on plant-derived secondary metabolites (PSMs). According to some researchers, new MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) antibiotics may one day be developed due to the adaptability of secondary metabolites. Identifying plant metabolites that can treat a wide range of viral infections was one of the study's aims. Many natural medications that could be recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 were discovered as a result of this research, including remedies from plant families, viral candidates that are susceptible, antiviral assays, and mechanisms of therapeutic action. The findings of this study will inspire further research and speed up the development of new antiviral plant-based medications.

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Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo

Cited by 24 publications

References 181 publications

Natural Formulations Based on Olea europaea L. Fruit Extract for the Topical Treatment of HSV-1 Infections

Natural Formulations Based on Olea europaea L. Fruit Extract for the Topical Treatment of HSV-1 Infections

Screening of Natural Products Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Entry

Effects of Plant Metabolites on the Growth of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) Including Omicron Strain

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