28-year incidence and time trends of childhood leukaemia in former East Germany compared to West Germany after German reunification: A study from the German Childhood Cancer Registry

Langerhans cell histiocytosis and associated malignancies: A retrospective analysis of 270 patients

“…We observed that the distribution of LCH-AM in our database is strongly skewed compared to the general distribution of malignancies. We found a marked overrepresentation of leukemias, myeloproliferative disorders, and lymphomas with a strong over-representation of myeloid subtypes among the leukemias compared to childhood cancer epidemiology in general [17] as well as among the second malignant neoplasms after childhood cancer. In this regard, it has been reported that in a group of childhood cancer survivors with 730 s malignant neoplasms, only 79 (10.8%) were either leukemia (n Z 43) or lymphoma (n Z 36) [18].…”

Survival in Children Below the Age of 15 Years With Leukemia: Temporal Patterns in Eastern and Western Germany Since German Reunification

“…An approximately 20% lower incidence rate of lymphoblastic leukemia in Eastern Germany compared to Western Germany was observed at the time of reunification, followed by a remarkable increase in Eastern Germany until around 2000, when incidence rates reached the same level as those in Western Germany. 6…”

“…An approximately 20% lower incidence rate of lymphoblastic leukemia in Eastern Germany compared to Western Germany was observed at the time of reunification, followed by a remarkable increase in Eastern Germany until around 2000, when incidence rates reached the same level as those in Western Germany. 6 Advances in tumor biology, diagnostics, pharmacology, risk grouping, and treatment combinations have led to considerable improvements in childhood cancer survival, with 5-year survival now exceeding 80% in most high-income countries. 4,7 Treatment according to standardized protocols is considered as the standard of pediatric leukemia care with 5-year ALL survival exceeding 90% in some European and North American countries today.…”

Registration, incidence patterns, and survival trends of central nervous system tumors among children in Germany 1980–2019: An analysis of 40 years based on data from the German Childhood Cancer Registry

“…The survival from pediatric CNS tumors has notably improved over the past decades, 20,21 although for some tumor types the prognosis remains poor compared to other childhood cancer types. Two comprehensive assessments reported remarkably increasing 5‐year survival estimates over the past decades to recently 73% (all CNS diagnoses combined) in Europe 22–24 and 79% in Germany 21 . Yet, when only malignant CNS tumors were considered, survival estimates were substantially worse; 5‐year survival probabilities remained at 59% 24 and 66%, 21 respectively.…”

“…Two comprehensive assessments reported remarkably increasing 5‐year survival estimates over the past decades to recently 73% (all CNS diagnoses combined) in Europe 22–24 and 79% in Germany 21 . Yet, when only malignant CNS tumors were considered, survival estimates were substantially worse; 5‐year survival probabilities remained at 59% 24 and 66%, 21 respectively. While the survival probability of the most common CNS tumor type, low‐grade gliomas, has improved substantially, these improvements were not observed in medulloblastomas and the majority of malignant gliomas 18 …”