Jasmonates: biosynthesis, metabolism, and signaling by proteins activating and repressing transciption

Abstract

The lipid-derived phytohormone jasmonate (JA) regulates plant growth, development, secondary metabolism, defense against insect attack and pathogen infection, and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as wounding, UV light, salt, and drought. JA was first identified in 1962, and since the 1980s many studies have analyzed the physiological functions, biosynthesis, distribution, metabolism, perception, signaling, and crosstalk of JA, greatly expanding our knowledge of the hormone's action. In response to fluctuating environmental cues and transient endogenous signals, the occurrence of multilayered organization of biosynthesis and inactivation of JA, and activation and repression of the COI1-JAZ-based perception and signaling contributes to the fine-tuning of JA responses. This review describes the JA biosynthetic enzymes in terms of gene families, enzymatic activity, location and regulation, substrate specificity and products, the metabolic pathways in converting JA to activate or inactivate compounds, JA signaling in perception, and the co-existence of signaling activators and repressors.

Transcriptome Analysis of JA Signal Transduction, Transcription Factors, and Monoterpene Biosynthesis Pathway in Response to Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation in Mentha canadensis L.

“…The JAZ repressors recruit the co-repressor complex consisting of Novel Interactor of JAZ (NINJA), TOPLESS (TPL), and histone deacetylase (HDA), interact with and repress the transcription activator bHLHzip transcription factor MYC2 (MYC2). The perception of JA-Ile by SCF COI1 complex leads to degradation of JAZs via the 26S proteasome, then activate the downstream transcription factors of JA responses [17,31]. In this study, 24 DEGs associated with JA signal transduction were identified in M. canadensis .…”

“…In the resting state, JAZ proteins interact with and repress downstream MYC2 to suppress of JA responses. In response to JA signal, JAZs are degraded by SCF COI1 -ubiquitin-proteasome, then MYC2 is released from the repressor complex to regulate gene expression [17,31]. In this transcriptome dataset, 24 DEGs associated with JA signal transduction were identified in M. canadensis .…”

The Receptor-like Cytoplasmic Kinase BIK1 Localizes to the Nucleus and Regulates Defense Hormone Expression during Plant Innate Immunity

“…JA is a lipid-derived signaling molecule involved in the regulation of various stress responses in plants (Wasternack and Song, 2017). JA synthesis is initiated in chloroplasts from polyunsaturated fatty acids and completed in peroxisomes.…”

“…A GH3 family protein jasmonate resistant 1 (JAR1) conjugates JA to isoleucine to produce bioactive JA-Ile. The major regulation of JA pathway occurs in the nucleus through ZIM domain containing JAZ and WRKY TFs (Birkenbihl et al, 2012; Gao et al, 2011; Jiang and Yu, 2016; Wasternack and Song, 2017). However, BIK1 has not been shown to localize to any organelle associated with JA signaling.…”

Lipoxygenase activity in ontogenesis of ferns Salvinia natans and Polystichum aculeatum

“…4). Oxylipins -metabolites of the allene oxide synthase branch of LOXpathway, particularly JA and its methyl alcohol, are known to promote fruit maturation [3,10,28,29].…”