NEAT1 modulates herpes simplex virus-1 replication by regulating viral gene transcription

Abstract

Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is the crucial structural platform of paraspeckles, which is one type of nuclear bodies. As a stress-induced lncRNA, the expression of NEAT1 increases in response to viral infection, but little is known about the role of NEAT1 or paraspeckles in the replication of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). Here, we demonstrate that HSV-1 infection increases NEAT1 expression and paraspeckle formation in a STAT3-dependent manner. NEAT1 and other paraspeckle protein components, P54nrb and PSPC1, can associate with HSV-1 genomic DNA. By binding with STAT3, PSPC1 is required for the recruitment of STAT3 to paraspeckles and facilitates the interaction between STAT3 and viral gene promoters, finally increasing viral gene expression and viral replication. Furthermore, thermosensitive gel containing NEAT1 siRNA or STAT3 siRNA effectively healed the skin lesions caused by HSV-1 infection in mice. Our results provide insight into the roles of lncRNAs in the epigenetic control of viral genes and into the function of paraspeckles.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00018-016-2398-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Toll‐like receptors, long non‐coding RNA NEAT1, and RIG‐I expression are associated with HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients in the active phase

“…8,9 One of the lncRNAs, nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1), was recently known as a virus-induced lncRNA (VINC) and was considered to be critical for the immune response against virus, however different virus infection, the different expression of NEAT1 observed. [8][9][10] LncRNA NEAT1 expression is upregulated after Hantaan virus (HTNV), HIV-1 infection, and HSV-1 infection, whereas it is downregulated upon Zika virus infection. [8][9][10][11] But the roles of NEAT1 in HBV infection, especially the innate immunity of chronic HBV infection at the active phase, are currently unclear.…”

“…[8][9][10] LncRNA NEAT1 expression is upregulated after Hantaan virus (HTNV), HIV-1 infection, and HSV-1 infection, whereas it is downregulated upon Zika virus infection. [8][9][10][11] But the roles of NEAT1 in HBV infection, especially the innate immunity of chronic HBV infection at the active phase, are currently unclear.…”

“…In addition to the importance of TLRs and RIG‐I in the immune response, recently increasing evidence has also confirmed the crucial roles of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) profile in modulating host innate immunity during viral infection as well . One of the lncRNAs, nuclear‐enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1), was recently known as a virus‐induced lncRNA (VINC) and was considered to be critical for the immune response against virus, however different virus infection, the different expression of NEAT1 observed . LncRNA NEAT1 expression is upregulated after Hantaan virus (HTNV), HIV‐1 infection, and HSV‐1 infection, whereas it is downregulated upon Zika virus infection .…”

A group of long noncoding RNAs identified by data mining can predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma

“…Long lncRNAs are a class of ncRNAs longer than 200 nucleotides . Although the biological functions of most lncRNAs have not been characterized, there is increasing evidence that they play important roles in physiological and pathological processes, such as regulating cancer metastasis . Long ncRNAs have been reported to act as potential biomarkers that have predictive value for the survival of cancer patients.…”

“…9 Although the biological functions of most lncRNAs have not been characterized, there is increasing evidence that they play important roles in physiological and pathological processes, such as regulating cancer metastasis. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Long ncRNAs have been reported to act as potential biomarkers that have predictive value for the survival of cancer patients. For example, prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) is considered to be an important biomarker in prostate cancer.…”