Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Ternary Hybrid TiO<sub>2</sub>/CuO/Cu Thoroughly Mesoporous Nanofibers

Hou, Huilin; Shang, Minghui; Gao, Fengmei; Wang, Lin; Li, Qiao; Zheng, Jinju; Yang, Zuobao; Yang, Weiyou

doi:10.1021/acsami.6b06644

Cited by 166 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, the presence of co‐catalyst (CuO or CoO) improves the photocatalytic activity of hydrogen production, due to formation of the p‐n heterojunction that effectively separates charge carriers. It is worth mentioning that CuO and CoO played different roles during the process: while CoO is expected to catalyze the O 2 evolution reaction, CuO is expected to catalyze the H 2 evolution reaction . However, the improvement by coupling ST with CuO is considerably greater than that obtained when the material is modified with CoO, indicating that reduction reaction is the controlling step in the photocatalytic process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SnO₂ -TiO₂ structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

Guerrero-Araque

Acevedo–Peña

Ramírez-Ortega

et al. 2017

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol

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BACKGROUND The technology for generating hydrogen using a photocatalyst has attracted considerable attention. Coupling TiO2 with other semiconductor oxides provided excellent results in decreasing recombination by transferring one of the charge carriers to another oxide. These photogenerated charge carriers play key roles in the reduction and oxidation process in photocatalytic hydrogen production. Nevertheless, even if the (e−‐h+) are separated, the reaction cannot happen without proper active sites. So, co‐catalysts are needed to improve the reduction and oxidation process on the surface of photocatalyst. RESULTS The hydrogen production of SnO2@TiO2 structure with CuO and CoO co‐catalysts (1 wt% of co‐catalyst: 1Co‐ST, 1Cu‐ST and 1Co‐1Cu‐ST) was studied under UV light, and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, UV‐vis reflectance diffuse, XPS and photoelectrochemical test. The dispersion of co‐catalyst on the surface of ST material during impregnation generates a decrease in the surface area and defect states in the optical properties. Maximum hydrogen production rate 1486.4 µmol g−1 h−1 is observed on 1Co‐1Cu‐ST photocatalyst. This improvement in photocatalytic reaction is related to the role played by each co‐catalyst. CONCLUSIONS The photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution shows the role of co‐catalyst in the redox reactions process. In the case of CuO co‐catalyst, it helps charge transfer, specifically electrons, to be carried out more efficiently by reducing water to produce H2. On the other hand, the role of CoO co‐catalyst is to catalyze the oxidation process, improving charge carriers separation and providing electrons to the SnO2@TiO2. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SnO₂ -TiO₂ structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

Guerrero-Araque

Acevedo–Peña

Ramírez-Ortega

et al. 2017

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol

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“…Except for size control, shape control of particulates on nanometer scale is more difficult and starts to attract attention recently. Many nanomaterials, more specifically anisotropic nanostructures, have been successfully synthesized including nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, nanofibers, and nanosheets . However, most synthesis methods for these types of particles require multiple, complicated synthesis procedures and are typically nonconductive to be scaled up manufacturing as yields are typically milligram or less quantities of material.…”

Section: Particle Diameter Statistics For Synthesized and Calcined Timentioning

confidence: 99%

A One‐Step Approach to the Synthesis of High Aspect Ratio Titania Nanoflakes

2017

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most synthesis methods for these types of particles require multiple, complicated synthesis procedures and are typically nonconductive to be scaled up manufacturing as yields are typically milligram or less quantities of material. Examples of this includes template, chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal, electrochemical anodization, etc. [12][13][14][15] Almquist and Biswas prepared anatase powders with sizes ranging from 5 to 165 nm employing various synthesis methods and found that an optimum particle size range of 25-40 nm within all photocatalytic experiments regardless of fabrication processes. [16] The authors suggest that the optimum particle size is a function of several competing mechanisms such as light absorption and scattering efficiency of the particles, as well as electron-hole pair combination and interfacial charge transfer. Therefore, cost effective and mass production available synthesis for titania nanomaterials with at least 1D close to the optimum size of photocatalyst will be a revolution of the whole titania fabrication.In this study, micrometer sized titania flakes having a thickness ≈40 nm were successfully synthesized by spreading an oil phase consisting of titanium tetraisopropoxide and a low surface tension hydrocarbon on the surface of water. [17] These nanoflakes were produced by restricting the hydrolysis of titania precursor within dimension of the organic thin film due to the difference of surface energy to water. The flakes were also calcined at 400 °C resulting in high purity anatase having near identical dimensions to the uncalcined material. Investigations have shown the described method to be efficient and economical at producing gram to kilogram quantities of material. This study examines these nanoflakes which were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser diffraction analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), physisorption techniques, and UV-visible spectrometer.The surface morphology of synthesized titania nanoflakes was investigated using SEM images, shown in Figure 1. The major diameter of the flakes was found to be of the order of 10-20 µm ( Figure 1A,B), and the thickness of these flakes was ≈40 nm (Figure 1C,D). The flakes were further treated by calcination at 400 °C for 2 h. Aggregation was not apparent when comparing these treated flakes ( Figure 1B) with those obtained directly from synthesis ( Figure 1A). Moreover, the thickness of calcined flakes did not change by the heat High aspect ratio TiO 2 nanoflakes are synthesized by a one-step modified surface hydrolysis method. Surface morphology and physical dimensions are characterized using scanning electron microscopy, laser diffraction analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Microsized flakes having a thickness ≈40 nm are successfully synthesized by spreading an oil phase consisting of titanium tetraisopropoxide and a low surface tension hydrocarbon on the surface of water. Pure anatase phase crystalline titania nanoflakes are obtained by calcining at 4...

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“…Titanium is one of the most widely studied and applied catalyst materials in reactions such as water splitting (hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions) and CO 2 reduction [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18], with the hybridization of two or more materials being employed to increase catalytic activity [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. Roy et al prepared transition metal (Fe, Co, and Cu)-doped TiO 2 nanocrystals and examined their electrochemical oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Hu et al coated Si, GaAs, and GaP photoanodes with TiO 2 by atomic layer deposition, which prevented corrosion and resulted in continuous O 2 evolution in a 0.1 M KOH solution at photocurrent densities >30 mA·cm −1 and ~100% Faradaic efficiency [21]. Moreover, Hou et al reported that mesoporous TiO 2 /CuO/Cu materials exhibit enhanced photocatalytic H 2 evolution (3.5× higher) compared to commercial mixed phase TiO 2 (Degussa, P25) [22]. Additionally, Terashima reported a p-n heterojunction photoelectrode of boron-doped diamond(p-type)/TiO 2 (n-type) prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition followed by sputter coating [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of TiO2-Decorated Boron Particles by Wet Ball Milling and their Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

et al. 2016

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TiO2-coated boron particles were prepared by a wet ball milling method, with the particle size distribution and average particle size being easily controlled by varying the milling operation time. Based on the results from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it was confirmed that the initial oxide layer on the boron particles surface was removed by the wet milling process, and that a new B–O–Ti bond was formed on the boron surface. The uniform TiO2 layer on the 150 nm boron particles was estimated to be 10 nm thick. Based on linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, current-time amperometry, and electrochemical impedance analyses, the potential for the application of TiO2-coated boron particles as a photoelectrochemical catalyst was demonstrated. A current of 250 μA was obtained at a potential of 0.5 V for hydrogen evolution, with an onset potential near to 0.0 V. Finally, a current of 220 μA was obtained at a potential of 1.0 V for oxygen evolution.

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Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Ternary Hybrid TiO₂/CuO/Cu Thoroughly Mesoporous Nanofibers

Cited by 166 publications

References 46 publications

SnO₂ -TiO₂ structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

SnO₂ -TiO₂ structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

A One‐Step Approach to the Synthesis of High Aspect Ratio Titania Nanoflakes

Preparation of TiO2-Decorated Boron Particles by Wet Ball Milling and their Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

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Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Ternary Hybrid TiO2/CuO/Cu Thoroughly Mesoporous Nanofibers

Cited by 166 publications

References 46 publications

SnO2 -TiO2 structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

SnO2 -TiO2 structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

A One‐Step Approach to the Synthesis of High Aspect Ratio Titania Nanoflakes

Preparation of TiO2-Decorated Boron Particles by Wet Ball Milling and their Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

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Product

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Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Ternary Hybrid TiO₂/CuO/Cu Thoroughly Mesoporous Nanofibers

SnO₂ -TiO₂ structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production

SnO₂ -TiO₂ structures and the effect of CuO, CoO metal oxide on photocatalytic hydrogen production