Changes in trehalose content, enzyme activity and gene expression related to trehalose metabolism in Flammulina velutipes under heat shock

Abstract

Trehalose plays important roles in the protection of organisms against adverse environmental conditions. The growth and development of Flammulina velutipes is regulated and controlled under complex external conditions. This study investigated the effect of heat stress on trehalose metabolism in mycelia and fruiting bodies. The activities of enzymes involved in trehalose metabolism, the transcriptional levels of the corresponding genes and the trehalose content in the mycelia of Flammulina velutipes strain Dan3 under relatively high temperatures were investigated. The mycelia and fruiting bodies of a strain cultivated in a factory were collected at different stages to examine the trehalose content and expression levels of various genes. The results showed that intracellular trehalose significantly accumulated in the mycelia in response to 37 C heat shock. Heat shock significantly stimulated the activities of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase, thereby promoting the accumulation of trehalose for the first 2-6 h. The activity of neutral trehalase also decreased during this period. In addition, changes in the activities of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase and neutral trehalase paralleled changes in the expression levels of the regulatory genes. As for the trehalose phosphorylase, the degradation of trehalose was stronger than its synthesis under heat stress. Heat shock can induce a stress response in the mycelia through the regulation of genes related to trehalose metabolism and the subsequent promotion and control of the transcription and translation of enzymes. The analysis of the trehalose and gene expression levels in the cultivated strain suggests that a substantial amount of trehalose had accumulated in the mycelia prior to induction of the primordia, and the fruiting bodies could possibly utilize degraded trehalose that translocated from the mycelia to maintain their growth.

Gene cloning, expression, and characterization of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase fromPleurotus ostreatus

“…Similar to PoTPS1, Trep demonstrated high activity in trehalose synthesis after 15 h of heat treatment (Fig. 7A), consistent with the results obtained in Flammulina velutipes, wherein the activity of TPS1 and Trep in trehalose synthesis direction reached the highest level after 8 and 6 h of heat treatment, respectively [12]. Moreover, the co-effects of Trep in trehalose degradation direction and NTH resulted in low trehalose degradation activity ( Fig.…”

“…Our results showed that Trep responded more intensely to heat treatment than Po TPS1 (Figs. B, C and B, D), whereas in F. velutipes , Trep is not more sensitive than TPS1 under heat treatment , suggesting different expression patterns in different organisms.…”

Heat shock protein 70 (HmHsp70) from Hypsizygus marmoreus confers thermotolerance to tobacco

“…Although, the heat shock response has been studied in considerable detail in yeast and plant (McAlister and Finkelstein 1980;Richter et al 2010;Song et al 2012), the mechanism of heat shock response in basidiomycetes remains elusive. Mushrooms evolved various strategies to response and alleviate heat shock stress, including HSPs synthesis, trehalose accumulation, and reactive oxygen species scavenging (Chen et al 2017;Liu et al 2016Liu et al , 2018Liu et al , 2019Wang et al 2017). In this study, we focused on a HSPs gene involved in heat shock response in H. marmoreus.…”

Changes of trehalose content and trehalose-degrading activity during fruit-body formation and autolysis in Pleurotus sp.

“…Recently, Liu et al (2016) reported that the trehalose contents and trehalase activities change during fruit-body formation in Flammulina veltipes (Liu et al 2016). Earlier, the acid trehalase, from a culture filtrate of Lentinus edodes, was purified and characterized by Murata et al (2001) (Murata et al 2001); this enzyme was composed of two identical subunits (71-91 kDa) and contained carbohydrate molecules.…”