Adverse Associations of both Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Organophosphorous Pesticides with Infant Neurodevelopment in an Agricultural Area of Jiangsu Province, China

Liu, Ping; Wu, Chunhua; Chang, Xiuli; Qi, Xiaojuan; Zheng, Minglan; Zhou, Zhijun

doi:10.1289/ehp196

Cited by 72 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Moreover, the DAP metabolite concentrations were higher than the urinary DAP metabolite concentrations from pregnant women of several American studies (CHAMACOS cohort: median = 115 nmol/L (Eskenazi et al, 2007), NHANES study: median = 72 nmol/g creatinine, 52 nmol/L (Ye et al, 2009), Mount Sinai cohort: 82 nmol/L (Engel et al, 2007), and HOME cohort: median = 81 nmol/L (Rauch et al, 2012)), European studies (France PELAGIE cohort: median = 44 nmol/L (Cartier et al, 2015), Norwegian MoBa cohort: GM = 145 nmol/g creatinine, 87 nmol/L (Ye et al, 2009), and Spanish INMA cohort: GM = 107 nmol/g creatinine, 96 nmol/L (Llop et al, 2017)) and compared to a study from Thailand (median = 161 nmol/g creatinine, 90 nmol/L (Kongtip et al, 2014)). In contrast, the DAP metabolite concentrations from our study were considerably lower than those observed in China (median = 296 nmol/L (Liu et al, 2016)).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The DAP metabolite concentrations measured in our study however, were considerably lower compared to the levels observed in China and Taiwan (Huang et al, 2017; Liu et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2014). This may be explained by China’s heavy use of OP pesticides in agricultural activities (Wu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…a. Mother-infant pair cohort study from the Sheyang County, China. One spot urine sample collected prior to delivery from 310 mothers (Liu et al, 2016). b.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of organophosphate pesticide exposure in pregnant women: A population-based cohort study in the Netherlands

Dries

Pronk²,

Guxens

et al. 2018

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

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Background In the Netherlands organophosphate (OP) pesticides are frequently used for pest control in agricultural settings. Despite concerns about the potential health impacts of low-level OP pesticides exposure, particularly in vulnerable populations, the primary sources of exposure remain unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the levels of DAP metabolites concentrations across pregnancy and to examine various determinants of DAP metabolite concentrations among an urban population of women in the Netherlands. Method Urinary concentrations of six dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites, the main urinary metabolites of OP pesticides, were determined at < 18, 18–25, and > 25 weeks of pregnancy in 784 pregnant women participating in the Generation R Study (between 2004 and 2006), a large population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Questionnaires administered prenatally assessed demographic and lifestyle characteristics and maternal diet. Linear mixed models, with adjustment for relevant covariates, were used to estimate associations between the potential exposure determinants and DAP metabolite concentrations expressed as molar concentrations divided by creatinine levels. Results The median DAP metabolite concentration was 311 nmol/g creatinine for the first trimester, 317 nmol/g creatinine for the second trimester, and 310 nmol/g creatinine for the third trimester. Higher maternal age, married/living with a partner, underweight or normal weight (BMI of < 18.5 and 18.5– < 25), high education, high income, and non-smoking were associated with higher DAP metabolite concentrations, and DAP metabolite concentrations tended to be higher during the summer. Furthermore, fruit intake was associated with increased DAP metabolite concentrations. Each 100 g/d difference in fruit consumption was associated with a 7% higher total DAP metabolite concentration across pregnancy. Other food groups were not associated with higher DAP metabolite concentrations. Conclusions The DAP metabolite concentrations measured in the urine of pregnant women in the Netherlands were higher than those in most other studies previously conducted. Fruit intake was the main dietary source of exposure to OP pesticides in young urban women in the Netherlands. The extent to which DAP metabolite concentrations reflect exposure to the active parent pesticide rather than to less toxic metabolites remains unclear. Further research will be undertaken to investigate the possible effects of this relatively high level OP pesticides exposure on offspring health.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

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Determinants of organophosphate pesticide exposure in pregnant women: A population-based cohort study in the Netherlands

Dries

Pronk²,

Guxens

et al. 2018

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

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“…Specifically, prenatal OP exposure has been associated with measures of cognition, including lower IQ scores and lower scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development Mental Development Index (Engel et al, 2016; Eskenazi et al, 2007; Rauh et al, 2006); developmental delay (Liu et al, 2015, 2016); as well as various measures of behavior, including impaired social responsiveness (Furlong et al, 2014); indicators of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (Eskenazi et al, 2007); and inattention (Marks et al, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal exposure to organophosphorus pesticides and childhood neurodevelopmental phenotypes

Furlong

Herring²,

Buckley

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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Prenatal exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) has been associated with different neurodevelopmental outcomes across different cohorts. A phenotypic approach may address some of these differences by incorporating information across scales and accounting for the complex correlational structure of neurodevelopmental outcomes. Additionally, Bayesian hierarchical modeling can account for confounding by collinear co-exposures. We use this framework to examine associations between prenatal exposure to OPs and behavior, executive functioning, and IQ assessed at age 6–9 years in a cohort of 404 mother/infant pairs recruited during pregnancy. We derived phenotypes of neurodevelopment with a factor analysis, and estimated associations between OP metabolites and these phenotypes in Bayesian hierarchical models for exposure mixtures. We report seven factors: 1) Impulsivity and Externalizing, 2) Executive Functioning, 3) Internalizing, 4) Perceptual Reasoning, 5) Adaptability, 6) Processing Speed, and 7) Verbal Intelligence. These, along with the Working Memory Index, were standardized and scaled so that positive values reflected positive attributes and negative values represented adverse outcomes. Standardized dimethylphosphate metabolites were negatively associated with Internalizing factor scores ( trueβ^−0.13, 95% CI − 0.26, 0.00) but positively associated with Executive Functioning factor scores ( trueβ^0.2em0.18, 95% CI 0.04, 0.31). Standardized diethylphosphate metabolites were negatively associated with the Working Memory Index ( trueβ^−0.17, 95% CI − 0.33, − 0.03). Associations with factor scores were generally stronger and more precise than associations with individual instrument-specific items. Factor analysis of outcomes may provide some advantages in etiological studies of childhood neurodevelopment by incorporating information across scales to reduce dimensionality and improve precision.

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“…Follow-up assessment of these infants at 2 years of age showed that prenatal exposure of the fetus to OPPs was associated with delayed adaptive skills whilst postnatal exposure to OPPs were associated with delayed social and motor development skills16. Caution must be taken in interpretation of these studies as it is difficult to differentiate between prenatal and postnatal exposure to these pesticides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study of pesticide residue levels in human milk from Western Australia during 12 months of lactation: Exposure assessment for infants

Gridneva

Gay

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The presence of pesticides in human milk (HM) is of great concern due to the potential health effects for the breastfed infant. To determine the relationships between HM pesticides and infant growth and development, a longitudinal study was conducted. HM samples (n = 99) from 16 mothers were collected at 2, 5, 9 and 12 months of lactation. A validated QuEChERS method and Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) were used for the analysis of 88 pesticides in HM. Only p,p’-DDE, p,p’-DDT and β-HCH were detected with a mean concentration (±SD) of 52.25 ± 49.88 ng/g fat, 27.67 ± 20.96 ng/g fat and 48.00 ± 22.46 ng/g fat respectively. The concentrations of the detected pesticides decreased significantly throughout the first year of lactation. No significant relationships between HM p,p’-DDE and infant growth outcomes: weight, length, head circumference and percentage fat mass were detected. The actual daily intake (ADI) of total DDTs in this cohort was 14–1000 times lower than the threshold reference and significantly lower than the estimated daily intake (EDI). Further, the ADI decreased significantly throughout the first 12 months of lactation.

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Adverse Associations of both Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Organophosphorous Pesticides with Infant Neurodevelopment in an Agricultural Area of Jiangsu Province, China

Cited by 72 publications

References 41 publications

Determinants of organophosphate pesticide exposure in pregnant women: A population-based cohort study in the Netherlands

Determinants of organophosphate pesticide exposure in pregnant women: A population-based cohort study in the Netherlands

Prenatal exposure to organophosphorus pesticides and childhood neurodevelopmental phenotypes

Longitudinal study of pesticide residue levels in human milk from Western Australia during 12 months of lactation: Exposure assessment for infants

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