Behavioral swimming effects and acetylcholinesterase activity changes in Jenynsia multidentata exposed to chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin individually and in mixtures

Bonansea, Rocío Inés; Wunderlin, Daniel Alberto; Amé, María Valeria

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.03.043

Cited by 65 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…After exposure to metaldehyde concentration, Climbing perch only showed preference for the top area of the aquarium due to escape conduct of the fish and for aerial breathing, in order to avoid contact of the pesticide with gills. This behaviour is similarly reported for J. multidentata which showed similar alteration after 96 hours of exposure to the insecticides (chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin) [29].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

The acute toxicity of the metaldehyde on the climbing perch

et al. 2018

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Abstract. In Asia, Climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) is commonly found in paddy fields and irrigation systems. Due to its habitat, Climbing perch is exposed to toxic pesticides used in paddy fields such as metaldehyde which is one of the most widely used molluscicide. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity Lethal Concentration50 (LC50) of metaldehyde and its effect on the behaviour and physical changes of the Climbing perch. The fish mortality responses to six different metaldehyde concentrations ranging from 180 to 330 mg/L were investigated. The 96-h LC50 values were determined and analysed using three different analysis methods which is arithmetic, logarithmic and probit graphic. The LC50 values obtained in this study were 239, 234 and 232 mg/L, respectively. After 96-h of exposure to metaldehyde, the fish showed a series of abnormal behavioural response in all cases: imbalance position, and restlessness of movement. The LC50 values show that metaldehyde is moderately toxic to the Climbing perch indicating that metaldehyde is not destructive to Climbing perch. However, long term exposure of aquatic organisms to the metaldehyde means a continuous health risk for the fish population as they are more vulnerable and it is on high risk for human to consume this toxicated fishes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

The acute toxicity of the metaldehyde on the climbing perch

et al. 2018

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“…We measured the activity of AChE on the heads using a for insects modified version of the protocol of Ellman (Jensen et al 1997). This enzyme has an important function in the nervous system by catalysing the breakdown of acetylcholine and higher activity levels have been shown to be positively related to escape swimming speed (Trekels et al 2012;Bonansea et al 2016). We homogenized the heads in 250 µl PBS and after centrifugation we used the supernatant for the analysis.…”

Section: Response Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stronger effects of Roundup than its active ingredient glyphosate in damselfly larvae

Janssens

Stoks

2017

Aquatic Toxicology

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Pesticides are causing strong decreases in aquatic biodiversity at concentrations assumed safe by legislation. One reason for the failing risk assessment may be strong differences in the toxicity of the active ingredient of pesticides and their commercial formulations. Sublethal effects, especially those on behaviour, have been largely ignored in this context, yet can be equally important as lethal effects at the population and ecosystem levels. Here, we compared the toxicity of the herbicide Roundup and its active ingredient glyphosate on survival, but also on ecologically relevant sublethal traits (life history, behaviour and physiology) in damselfly larvae. Roundup was more toxic than glyphosate with negative effects on survival, behaviour and most of the physiological traits being present at lower concentrations (food intake, escape swimming speed) or even only present (survival, sugar and total energy content and muscle mass) following Roundup exposure. This confirms the toxicity of the surfactant POEA. Notably, also glyphosate was not harmless: a realistic concentration of 2mg/l resulted in reduced growth rate, escape swimming speed and fat content. Our results therefore indicate that the toxicity of Roundup cannot be fully attributed to its surfactant, thereby suggesting that also the new generation of glyphosate-based herbicides with other mixtures of surfactants likely will have adverse effects on non-target aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicological studies comparing the toxicity of active ingredients and their commercial formulations typically ignore behaviour while the here observed differential effects on behaviour likely will negatively impact damselfly populations. Our data highlight that risk assessment of pesticides ignoring sublethal effects may contribute to the negative effects of pesticides on aquatic biodiversity.

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“…It is also easy to transport and keep in laboratory conditions. This species is considered to be a good experimental model; it was used to evaluate the effects of lindane, glyphosate, endosulfan, cypermethrin, and chlorpyrifos on different biological processes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue‐specific bioconcentration and biotransformation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in a native fish (Jenynsia multidentata) exposed to these insecticides singly and in mixtures

Bonansea

Marino

Bertrand

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accumulation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos when the fish Jenynsia multidentata was exposed to these pesticides singly and in technical and commercial mixtures. Adult female fish were exposed over 96 h to 0.04 μg/L of cypermethrin; 0.4 μg/L of chlorpyrifos; 0.04 μg/L of cypermethrin + 0.4 μg/L of chlorpyrifos in a technical mixture; and 0.04 μg/L of cypermethrin + 0.4 μg/L of chlorpyrifos in a mixture of commercial products. Fish exposed to cypermethrin accumulated this compound only in muscle, probably because of the low biotransformation capacity of this organ and the induction of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) expression in the liver. The accumulation of chlorpyrifos occurred in fish exposed to the insecticide (intestine > liver > gills) even when these fish had higher gluthatione-S-transferase (GST) activity in gills and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in the liver, compared with the control. Fish exposed to the technical mixture showed cypermethrin accumulation (liver > intestine > gills) with higher levels than those measured in fish after only cypermethrin exposure. Higher expression levels of CYP1A1 in the liver were also observed compared with the Control. Fish exposed to the commercial mixture accumulated both insecticides (cypermethrin: intestine > gills and chlorpyrifos: liver > intestine > gills > muscle). In the organs where accumulation occurred, biotransformation enzymes were inhibited. Consequently, the commercial formulation exposure provoked the highest accumulation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in J. multidentata, possibly associated with the biotransformation system inhibition. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1764-1774. © 2016 SETAC.

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Behavioral swimming effects and acetylcholinesterase activity changes in Jenynsia multidentata exposed to chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin individually and in mixtures

Cited by 65 publications

References 38 publications

The acute toxicity of the metaldehyde on the climbing perch

The acute toxicity of the metaldehyde on the climbing perch

Stronger effects of Roundup than its active ingredient glyphosate in damselfly larvae

Tissue‐specific bioconcentration and biotransformation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in a native fish (Jenynsia multidentata) exposed to these insecticides singly and in mixtures

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