Systematic Review of Surgical Treatments for Fecal Incontinence

Abstract

Evidence was insufficient to support clinical or policy decisions for any surgical treatments for fecal incontinence in adults. More invasive surgical procedures had substantial complications. The lack of compliance with study reporting standards is a modifiable impediment in the field. Future studies should focus on longer-term outcomes and attempt to identify subgroups of adults who might benefit from specific procedures.

Isolation of internal and external sphincter progenitor cells from the human anal sphincter with or without radiotherapy

“…Furthermore, muscle‐derived stem cells or progenitor cells differentiate into heterogeneous cells regardless of the sphincter muscle type required by the FI patient . With our strategy, smooth muscle progenitor cells can be used to treat the IAS, and skeletal muscle progenitor cells can be used to treat the EAS; thus, the specific muscle involved in the individual FI patient can be targeted according to the aetiology .…”

“…progenitor cells differentiate into heterogeneous cells regardless of the sphincter muscle type required by the FI patient [23]. With our strategy, smooth muscle progenitor cells can be used to treat the IAS, and skeletal muscle progenitor cells can be used to treat the EAS; thus, the specific muscle involved in the individual FI patient can be targeted according to the aetiology [24]. This study showed that multiple markers, including CD34, NG2, PAX7, desmin, calponin, a-SMA, MYOG and MyHC, define a cellular hierarchy and allow the selection of specific subpopulations of cells.…”

A novel power supply system for puborectalis‐like artificial anal sphincter

“…For the purpose of curing FI, main therapies are anal sphincter repair , reconstruction of anal sphincter , colostomy , and sacral nerve stimulation . However, none of these therapies is suitable for all FI situations.…”

“…However, none of these therapies is suitable for all FI situations. Meanwhile, the rate of complication after these therapies can reach to 21%~71% [7][8][9][10][11] . As the result of that, AAS is launched to create another therapy for FI.…”

Anal encirclement: a surgical technique for faecal incontinence in patients who are not good candidates for more invasive surgery – a video vignette

“…Faecal incontinence is a problem that affects between 1.4% and 19.5% of the population . There is consensus that, when medical treatment and/or biofeedback fails, surgery is the only option . Surgical procedures include sphincteroplasty, bulking agents, sacral nerve stimulation – or a colostomy when everything else fails .…”