A novel power supply system for puborectalis‐like artificial anal sphincter

Zhou, Zerun; Yan, Guozheng; Wang, Zhiwu; Wu, Chao‐Chin; Fang, Hua

doi:10.1111/aor.13398

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Zerun Zhou et al of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China reported on a puborectalis‐like artificial anal sphincter (PAAS) implanted for almost 3 weeks. It showed the ability to retain continence with low risk of ischemia necrosis.…”

Section: Bioengineering and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Organs 2019: A year in review

Malchesky¹

2020

Artificial Organs

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In this Editor’s Review, articles published in 2019 are organized by category and summarized. These provide a brief reflection of the research and progress in artificial organs intended to advance and better human life while providing insight for continued application of these technologies and methods. Artificial Organs continues in the original mission of its founders “to foster communications in the field of artificial organs on an international level.” Artificial Organs continues to publish developments and clinical applications of artificial organ technologies in this broad and expanding field of organ Replacement, Recovery, and Regeneration from all over the world. Peer‐reviewed Special Issues this year included contributions from the 14th International Conference on Pediatric Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems and Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Perfusion edited by Dr Akif Undar, and the 26th Congress of the International Society for Mechanical Circulatory Support edited by Dr Minoru Ono and Dr Francesco Moscato. Additionally, important editorials highlighted the need for sustainability in hemodialysis, challenges and opportunities in mechanical circulatory support, progress in artificial pancreas development, historical perspectives on ventilators and dialysis, tissue engineering for cardiac support, and regional updates from India and China. Our Pioneer Series continues to highlight the many researchers who created this field of study. This year we debuted a new series entitled “Recent Progress in Artificial Organs” prepared by Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili and Elizabeth Maynes of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. This series highlights recent advances and new developments in the field. We take this time also to express our gratitude to our authors for contributing their work to this journal. We offer our very special thanks to our reviewers who give so generously of their time and expertise to review, critique, and especially provide meaningful suggestions to the author’s work. Without our dedicated expert reviewers, the quality expected from such a journal would not be possible. We also express our special thanks to our Publisher, John Wiley & Sons, for their expert attention and support in the production Artificial Organs. We look forward to reporting further advances in the coming years.

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Section: Bioengineering and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Organs 2019: A year in review

Malchesky¹

2020

Artificial Organs

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“…It helps patients regain continence by the attraction force of the magnetic beads. MAS is a method used to improve the quality of life of patients with severe fecal incontinence 8 . However, its work depends on the magnetic force, which may cause constipation if beads cannot be separated by force, 9‐11 not at the will of the patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MAS is a method used to improve the quality of life of patients with severe fecal incontinence. 8 However, its work depends on the magnetic force, which may cause constipation if beads cannot be separated by force, [9][10][11] not at the will of the patient. And the effectiveness for liquid excrement is not good as expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An artificial anal sphincter based on a novel clamping mechanism: Design, analysis, and testing

et al. 2021

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An artificial anal sphincter is a device to help patients with fecal incontinence rebuild the ability to control the excrement through the anus. In this article, an artificial anal sphincter based on a novel clamping mechanism (AASNCM) is proposed to improve the safety and reliability. The AASNCM, which is powered by a transcutaneous energy transfer system, consists of a novel clamping mechanism, a receiving coil and a control unit. According to design requirements, the novel clamping mechanism model was established. After that, its kinematics and dynamics were analyzed.The results of force tests on the prototype AASNCM show that the maximum values of clamping force and expanding force are 15.859 and 31.029 N, respectively.Comparing the experimental results with theoretical analysis, a good match can be concluded. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted, and have verified the safety and reliability of the proposed AASNCM.

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“…However, in prior in vivo experiments, it was shown that hyperplasia wrapped the nylon-12 rotatable arm and caused mechanical failure, approximately 2 months after implantation. [5][6][7][8][9] Thus, although the PAAS improves many defects which occurred in previous AAS systems, it is limited by the influence of hyperplasia. Accordingly, there are still obstacles in the application of the system in clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of hyperplasia during the implantation of the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter

et al. 2020

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Objectives: This study aims to extend the implantation lifetime of the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter by inhibiting the occurrence of hyperplasia following the implantation process. Method: A new transmission structure was designed inside the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter to generate an adequate torque to maintain the feces, even if hyperplasia developed around the prosthetic sphincter. An outer shell was added to the prosthetic sphincter to decelerate the occurrence of hyperplasia on the outer shell side. Medical titanium alloy was tested to replace the nylon-12 prosthetic sphincter, while polyetheretherketone was used for the construction of the power supply unit in the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter system instead of nylon-12. In vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate all the methods presented in this study with 10 Pa Ma piglets, 1 domestic pig, and 1 beagle dog during the past 2 years. Results: Compared with the previous prosthetic sphincter that was equipped with a fixed-axle gear transmission, the new transmission structure is equipped with a planet-gear train managed to generate a prosthetic sphincter output with a 53% larger torque but with the same size and type of motor as that used previously and increase the implantation lifetime by 56%. After the replacement of the nylon-12, the new prosthetic sphincter made of medical titanium alloy succeeded in extending the implanted lifetime by 83%. In addition, the lifetime was increased by 143%, when an outer shell was added to the prosthetic sphincter. Polyetheretherketone significantly decreased the growth rate of hyperplasia around the power supply unit by 44% after the replacement of the power supply unit material. After the combination of all the improvements, the longest implantation lifetime of the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter during the in vivo experiments was 7 months and 10 days, which reflected an improvement of 249%. Conclusion: All methods posted in this study were evaluated to be effective to prolong the implantation lifetime of the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter. Among the methods proposed, the most effective was the addition of the outer shell to the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter. The least effective method was the improvement of the transmission structure. Medical titanium alloy and polyetheretherketone were good replacements for nylon-12 that managed to extend the implantation lifetime and yield a moderate improvement.

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A novel power supply system for puborectalis‐like artificial anal sphincter

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Artificial Organs 2019: A year in review

Artificial Organs 2019: A year in review

An artificial anal sphincter based on a novel clamping mechanism: Design, analysis, and testing

Inhibition of hyperplasia during the implantation of the puborectalis-like artificial anal sphincter

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