Kinetics of α -amylase and α -glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment

Sabiu, Saheed; O’Neill, F. H.; Ashafa, A.O.T.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.024

Cited by 82 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The IC 50 value for αglucosidases inhibition with acarbose was 126 μg/ml. This IC 50 value fell within the range of IC 50 values (35.5-500 μg/ml) reported by other authors for acarbose (Loizzo et al, 2015;Sabiu, O'Neill, & Ashafa, 2016).…”

Section: Inhibition Of Intestinal Rat α-Glucosidasessupporting

confidence: 89%

Inhibitory effect of saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks on intestinal α‐glucosidases

et al. 2019

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Maize silks have been used in Mexico for centuries as a natural‐based treatment for various illnesses, including obesity and diabetes. It has been shown in mice that intake of maize silk extracts reduces the levels of blood glucose. However, it is not clear how or what maize silk compounds are involved in such an effect. A hypothesized mechanism is that some maize silk compounds can inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes like α‐glucosidases. This work aimed to assess the capability of both saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks to inhibit intestinal α‐glucosidases. Results showed that saccharides from maize silks did not produce inhibition on intestinal α‐glucosidases, but phenolics did. Maize silk phenolics increased the value of Km significantly and decreased the Vmax slightly, indicating a mixed inhibition of α‐glucosidases. According to the molecular docking analysis, the phenolics maysin, methoxymaysin, and apimaysin, which had the highest predicted binding energies, could be responsible for the inhibition of α‐glucosidases. Practical applications The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) reported in 2017 that diabetes affects over 424 million people worldwide, and caused 4 million deaths. Non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for ∼90% of cases. T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β‐cell failure. Therapy for T2DM includes the use of sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, biguanides, and α‐glucosidase inhibitors. Regarding the α‐glucosidase inhibitors, only few are commercially available, and these have been associated with severe gastrointestinal side effects. This work aimed to assess the capability of both saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks to inhibit intestinal α‐glucosidases. Results from this work evidenced that maize silk polyphenols acted as effective inhibitors of intestinal rat α‐glucosidases. Computational analysis of maize silk polyphenols indicated that maysin, a particular flavonoid from maize silks, could be responsible for the inhibition of α‐glucosidases.

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Section: Inhibition Of Intestinal Rat α-Glucosidasessupporting

confidence: 89%

Inhibitory effect of saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks on intestinal α‐glucosidases

et al. 2019

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“…Early work has shown that corn silk and corn bran contain polysaccharides, and their antioxidant and anticoagulant activities of polysaccharides have been reported (Hu and others ). The hypoglycemic mechanism of stigma polysaccharide shows that the corn silk polysaccharides are inhibitors of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase which together offer an effective strategy to modulate levels of post‐prandial hyperglycaemia via control of starch metabolism (Sabiu and others ). The expression levels of TGF‐β1 diabetic rat kidneys and triglyceride level are reduced significantly in corn silk, which restrains macrophages to protect the kidneys of diabetic rats (Wen and others ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemic Activity of Polysaccharides from Sweet Corncob on Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats

Yong

Wang

Gao

2016

Journal of Food Science

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A water-soluble polysaccharide (SCP-80-I) was isolated from sweet corncob using microwave-assisted compound-enzyme extraction and column chromatography. SCP-80-I is composed mainly of arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 0.369:0.824:10.759:0.333, and has a molecular mass of 18350 Da and β-glycosides linkages in its molecular structure. The preliminary hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Rats were administered daily with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg SCP-80-I for 21 d. The SCP-80-I increased the rat body mass significantly and reduced the blood glucose level in a dose-dependent manner. The SCP-80-I reduced liver swelling; kidney and pancreas hypertrophy; and total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein-C levels significantly; and increased the level of high-density lipoproteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. These results indicate that SCP-80-I exerts a potential hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

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“…As presented in this study, CEE had significant inhibitory effect on the specific activities of -amylase and -glucosidase. Judging by the IC50 values and relative to the standard, it was evident that the extract elicited a stronger inhibition on the activity ofglucosidase than -amylase and this is therapeutically significant in abolishing the adverse effects consistent with the conventional -glucosidase and -amylase inhibitors (Sabiu et al, 2016b). The competitively inhibited activity of the α-amylase is indicative of a stronger structural resemblance of the major constituent of the extract to the substrate which facilitated its favourable binding on the active site of the enzyme at the expense of the substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was achieved following reported methods (Elsnoussi et al, 2012;Sabiu et al, 2016b). Briefly, known concentrations (0.25-10.0 mg/mL) of the extract or acarbose (standard) were prepared and 500 µL of each was mixed with 500 µL of 0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) containing 0.5 mg/mL of ice cold porcine pancreatic α-amylase solution in test tubes.…”

Section: In Vitro Antidiabetic Assays Kinetics Of α-Amylase Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KINETICS OF MODULATORY ROLE OF Cyperus esculentus L. ON THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF KEY CARBOHYDRATE METABOLIZING ENZYMES

Sabiu

Ajani

Sunmonu

et al. 2017

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

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Background: The continuous search for new lead compounds as viable inhibitors of specific enzymes linked to carbohydrate metabolism has intensified. Cyperus esculentus L. is one of the therapeutically implicated botanicals against several degenerative diseases including diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated the antioxidant and mechanism(s) of inhibitory potential of aqueous extract of C. esculentus on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro. The extract was investigated for its radical scavenging and hypoglycaemic potentials using standard experimental procedures. Lineweaver-Burke plot was used to predict the manner in which the enzymes were inhibited. Results: The data obtained revealed that the extract moderately and potently inhibited the specific activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The inhibition was concentration-related with respective IC50 values of 5.19 and 0.78 mg/mL relative to that of the control (3.72 and 3.55 mg/mL). The extract also significantly scavenged free radicals and the effects elicited could be ascribed to its phytoconstituents. Conclusion:The respective competitive and non-competitive mode of action of the extract is due to its inhibitory potentials on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Going forward, in addition to completely characterize the exact compound(s) responsible for the elicited activity in this study, pertinent attention will be given to the in vivo evaluation of the identified constituents.

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Kinetics of α -amylase and α -glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment

Cited by 82 publications

References 43 publications

Inhibitory effect of saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks on intestinal α‐glucosidases

Inhibitory effect of saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks on intestinal α‐glucosidases

Hypoglycemic Activity of Polysaccharides from Sweet Corncob on Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats

KINETICS OF MODULATORY ROLE OF Cyperus esculentus L. ON THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF KEY CARBOHYDRATE METABOLIZING ENZYMES

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