Design and evaluation of a novel chitosan-based system for colon-specific drug delivery

Kavianinia, Iman; Plieger, Paul G.; Cave, Nick; Gopakumar, Gayathri; Dunowska, Magdalena; Kandile, Nadia G.; Harding, D. R.

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.003

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The main obstacle to delivery here is absorption and degradation via the upper gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, elucidating how to prevent the degradation of drugs in the stomach and small intestine is the research direction of colon-specific drug delivery systems [107,108]. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a hydrophilic drug that has been widely used for the treatment of colorectal cancer.…”

Section: Colon-specific Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Derivatives and Their Application in Biomedicine

Wang

Meng

et al. 2020

IJMS

586

326

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Chitosan is a product of the deacetylation of chitin, which is widely found in nature. Chitosan is insoluble in water and most organic solvents, which seriously limits both its application scope and applicable fields. However, chitosan contains active functional groups that are liable to chemical reactions; thus, chitosan derivatives can be obtained through the chemical modification of chitosan. The modification of chitosan has been an important aspect of chitosan research, showing a better solubility, pH-sensitive targeting, an increased number of delivery systems, etc. This review summarizes the modification of chitosan by acylation, carboxylation, alkylation, and quaternization in order to improve the water solubility, pH sensitivity, and the targeting of chitosan derivatives. The applications of chitosan derivatives in the antibacterial, sustained slowly release, targeting, and delivery system fields are also described. Chitosan derivatives will have a large impact and show potential in biomedicine for the development of drugs in future.

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Section: Colon-specific Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Derivatives and Their Application in Biomedicine

Wang

Meng

et al. 2020

IJMS

586

326

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“…'Colon-targeted' formulations of RdZ have been investigated in an effort to increase the effectiveness and decrease the toxicity of RdZ. [89][90][91] These formulations consist of encapsulating RdZ inside an indigestible coating of guar gum or chitosan. The coating prevents drug release until the capsule or tablet reaches the colon.…”

Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The conundrum of feline trichomonosis: the more we learn the ‘trickier’ it gets

Gookin

Hanrahan

Levy

2017

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: Trichomonosis of the large intestine of the cat was described as a cause of chronic diarrhea over 20 years ago. The trichomonad was identified as Tritrichomonas foetus, with a genotype that is distinct from venereal T foetus of cattle. Clinical challenges: Despite multiple means for diagnosis of the infection, including light microscopy, protozoal culture and PCR amplification using species-specific primers, tests with even greater sensitivity are needed. Feline trichomonosis is resistant to all commonly used antiprotozoal drugs. Ronidazole is currently the only drug demonstrated to be effective in eliminating the infection from cats; however, this drug has a narrow safety margin and clinical resistance is increasingly recognized. The more we learn about trichomonosis in cats, the more complicated and controversial the infection has become, ranging from what we should call the organism to whether we should even bother trying to treat it. Global importance: Feline trichomonosis is recognized to occur worldwide and is regarded as one of the most common infectious causes of colitis in the domestic cat. The infection is widespread in catteries and shelters; and, while remission of diarrhea may occur over time, persistence of the infection is common. The culprit of infectionTrichomonads are members of the class Parabasalia, order Trichomonadida. These protozoa reside as parasites or commensals of animals, where they live in mucous membrane-lined, anaerobic-tomicroaerophilic, non-sterile organ cavities such as the gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts. As is the case for most anaerobic protozoa, trichomonads lack many of their own biosynthetic pathways and rely on the salvage of nutrients from their host for survival. They are spindle to tear-drop shaped, highly motile flagellates, similar in size to Giardia species. only trophozoites are present in the life cycle (no true cyst stage), division is by binary fission, and transmission occurs directly between hosts via ingestion of trophozoites. Trophozoites bear characteristic numbers of anteriorly directed flagella. in addition there is a single, posteriorly directed flagellum that arises at the anterior end and courses along the body creating an undulating membrane, which is a characteristic feature. A rigid, rod-shaped organelle, the axostyle, runs through the trophozoite and protrudes from the posterior end (Figure 1

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“…Among various polysaccharides, CS has recently attracted a lot of attention for biomedical applications because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxic nature . Chitin is the second most abundant natural polymer after cellulose, and upon deacetylation, it produces CS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a novel organosoluble, biocompatible, and antibacterial chitosan derivative for biomedical applications

Rizwan

Yahya

Hassan

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Electrospun materials have a number of applications in the tissue engineering field. However, the limited solubility of chitosan (CS), especially in organic solvents, makes its electrospinning with other synthetic organosoluble polymers impossible. In this article, we report the synthesis of a novel organosoluble derivative of CS through the application of a simple synthetic methodology. CS was reacted with 1,3‐diethyl‐2‐thiobarbituric acid (DETBA) with triethylorthoformate in the presence of methanol and acetic acid (4:1). The functional groups in the synthesized materials were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, whereas X‐ray diffraction revealed the level of crystallinity. The CS derivative (CS–DETBA) was tested for its cytotoxic effects on human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells and was found to be nontoxic. The prepared derivative showed a much enhanced inhibitory effect on the growth of three bacterial strains, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, over that of CS itself. Overall, CS–DETBA showed good solubility in a range of organic solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide and N,N‐dimethylformamide, and was blended with polycaprolactone (PCL) to form films and electrospun nanofibers. The morphologies of the synthesized materials were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the fiber diameter was 360 nm under optimum conditions. This study demonstrated that the CS–DETBA–PCL blend could be a potential material for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45905.

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Design and evaluation of a novel chitosan-based system for colon-specific drug delivery

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Chitosan Derivatives and Their Application in Biomedicine

Chitosan Derivatives and Their Application in Biomedicine

The conundrum of feline trichomonosis: the more we learn the ‘trickier’ it gets

Synthesis of a novel organosoluble, biocompatible, and antibacterial chitosan derivative for biomedical applications

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