Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Integrated with a Surface Acoustic Wave Technique for Detection of Sulfamethizole

Abstract

The synergistic effect of combining molecular imprinting and surface acoustic wave (SAW) technologies for the selective and label-free detection of sulfamethizole as a model antibiotic in aqueous environment was demonstrated. A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for sulfamethizole (SMZ) selective recognition was prepared in the form of a homogeneous thin film on the sensing surfaces of SAW chip by oxidative electropolymerization of m-phenylenediamine (mPD) in the presence of SMZ, acting as a template. Special attention was paid to the rational selection of the functional monomer using computational and spectroscopic approaches. SMZ template incorporation and its subsequent release from the polymer was supported by IR microscopic measurements. Precise control of the thicknesses of the SMZ-MIP and respective nonimprinted reference films (NIP) was achieved by correlating the electrical charge dosage during electrodeposition with spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in order to ensure accurate interpretation of label-free responses originating from the MIP modified sensor. The fabricated SMZ-MIP films were characterized in terms of their binding affinity and selectivity toward the target by analyzing the binding kinetics recorded using the SAW system. The SMZ-MIPs had SMZ binding capacity approximately more than eight times higher than the respective NIP and were able to discriminate among structurally similar molecules, i.e., sulfanilamide and sulfadimethoxine. The presented approach for the facile integration of a sulfonamide antibiotic-sensing layer with SAW technology allowed observing the real-time binding events of the target molecule at nanomolar concentration levels and could be potentially suitable for cost-effective fabrication of a multianalyte chemosensor for analysis of hazardous pollutants in an aqueous environment.

Toward Rational Design of Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) for Proteins: Computational and Experimental Studies of Acrylamide Based Polymers for Myoglobin

“…Visual inspection revealed that the 14 binding sites (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) were quite evenly distributed around the protein surface, as shown in Figure 2. This can be interpreted as favourable for MIP target protein binding, with monomers potentially more uniformly distributed around the template protein, compared to MIPs where the monomers are isolated to a specific area.…”

A Protocol for the Computational Design of High Affi nity Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Synthetic Receptors

“…Comparison of the different values of ΔE gives an indication of the relative stability of different components in the system, and thus provides an appropriate guide to the selection of an appropriate monomer [12][13][14], to fi nd the most suitable template-monomer ratio [15][16][17], or both [18][19][20]. This method has become popular along with the use of QMbased (predominantly DFT) techniques in MIP design as a result of advances in hardware making greater computer power available.…”

Advances in molecularly imprinted supramolecular technology for monitoring and controlling trace environmental pollutants

“…在线模式则是构建了样品富集-检 测串联的自动化系统, 可以减少溶剂消耗和样品损 失, 提高分析的灵敏度和重现性, 更加符合分析化学 高通量的发展趋势 [40,41] . Moein等 [41] [55] 、石英微天平压电传感器 [52] 和表面声波传感器 [57] .…”