Simple blood tests as predictive markers of disease severity and clinical condition in patients with venous insufficiency

Abstract

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a progressive inflammatory disease. Because of its inflammatory nature, several circulating markers were investigated for predicting disease progression. We aimed to investigate simple inflammatory blood markers as predictors of clinical class and disease severity in patients with CVI. Eighty patients with CVI were divided into three groups according to clinical class (grade 1, 2 and 3) and score of disease severity (mild, moderate and severe). The basic inflammatory blood markers [neutrophil, lymphocyte, mean platelet volume (MPV), white blood cell (WBC), platelet, albumin, D-dimer, fibrinogen, fibrinogen to albumin ratio, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio] were investigated in each group. Serum neutrophil, lymphocyte, MPV, platelet count, D-dimer and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio levels were similar among the groups (P > 0.05). Although the serum WBC levels were significant in the clinical severity groups (P < 0.05), it was useless to separate each severity class. However, albumin, fibrinogen and the fibrinogen to albumin ratio were significant predictors of clinical class and disease severity. Especially, the fibrinogen to albumin ratio was detected as an independent indicator for a clinical class and disease severity with high sensitivity and specificity (75% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity for clinical class and 90% sensitivity and 88.3% specificity for disease severity). Serum fibrinogen and albumin levels can be useful parameters to determine clinical class and disease severity in patients with CVI. Moreover, the fibrinogen to albumin ratio is a more sensitive and specific predictor of the progression of CVI.

Evaluation of relationships between onychomycosis and vascular diseases using sequential pattern mining

“…Karahan et al . also reported similar data 14 . Lower lymphocyte counts can decrease cellular immunity, and immunosuppression and decreased cellular immunity are well-known predisposing factors for OM 15 .…”

Relation of Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio to Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

“…Covering both fibrinogen and albumin, FAR reflected systemic inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which was comparable to C-reactive protein [ 34 ]. Besides, FAR had higher specificity and sensitivity than fibrinogen in predicting the severity of chronic venous insufficiency, a progressive inflammatory disease [ 35 ]. Furthermore, some studies [ 10 , 36 ] reported that the discriminatory power of FAR for prognosis was obviously superior to that of the albumin and fibrinogen in tumor patients, possibly with the fact that systemic inflammatory response and hypercoagulation state are critically involved in the progression of human malignancies.…”

Mean Platelet Volume in Patients with Chronic Venous Insufficiency

“…Karahan O. Ve arkadaşları yapmış oldukları çalışmada VY' in evresi ile OTH arasında korelasyonu araştırmışlar ancak VY' in evresi ile OTH arasında herhangi bir korelasyon bulmamışlardır [7]. Bizim yaptığımız çalışmada ise KVY' si bulunan hastalar ile kontrol grubu karşılaştırıldı ve KVY' si bulunan grupta OTH değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek bulundu.…”

“…Primer variköz venlerde etyoloji bilinmemektedir. Yapılan sınırlı sayıda çalışmada etyolojide inflamatuar süreçler ile beraber trombosit aktivasyonu da suçlanmaktadır [5][6][7][8]. Ortalama trombosit hacmi (OT-H)'nin trombosit aktivitesinin iyi bir göstergesi olduğu, inflamatuar süreçler ile seyreden hastalıklarda ve ayrıca vasküler hastalıklarda arttığı bildirilmektedir.…”

“…KVY'e en sık eşlik eden hastalıklar olan diyabetes mellitus (DM), kalp yetmezliği, periferik arter hastalığı (PAH), inflamatuar barsak hastalığı, arteriel hipertansiyon, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı, malign hastalıklar, iskelet sistemi yada eklem hastalıklarıdır. KVY'e eşlik eden bu hastalıklarla ilgili birçok çalışmada ortalama trombosit hacmi düzeyleri ile bu hastalıklar arasında ilişki saptanmıştır [6][7][8]. Bizde bu çalışmamızda OTH i ile ilişkisi iyi bilinen DM, PAH, Koroner arter hastalığı gibi hastalıklara sık eşlik eden ve etyolojisi tam olarak bilinmeyen bir hastalık olan VY'li hastalarda OTH'i düzeylerini araştırmayı planladık.…”