Use of cationic polymers to reduce pathogen levels during dairy manure separation

Zong, Liu; Carroll, Zachary S.; Long, Sharon C.; Gunasekaran, Sundaram; Runge, Troy

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.033

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The nutrient assessment included total Kjeldahl N, moisture content, and elements (P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, and Na) following standard protocols as described by Peters et al [8]. Manure pellets were also examined for bacteria indicators according to Liu et al [9].…”

Section: Manure Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Dry Dairy Manure Pellets as Nutrient Source for Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Growth in Soilless Media

et al. 2019

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A sustainable dairy manure amendment for soilless crop growth systems was evaluated for its ability to provide nutrients and serve as a major component of the growing media. After manure liquid/solid separation, the solids stream containing organic N and P was pelletized and used as a nutrient source for cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) culture in soilless media. The pellets are low in moisture, odor, and pathogens, and they can be hauled at lower cost over longer distances and more easily stored than raw or composted manure. Manure pellet additions to soilless media were evaluated at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, and 50% by volume. Manure pellets had a total N content of 3.7%. Fruit size, ripeness, and biomass, plant height, nutrients value in tissue/pellets/media, and time to complete growth cycle were analyzed. Overall, manure pellet treatments improved plant height and growth rate compared to the negative control, especially when pellets were 15% to 50% of the soilless media. This indicates that the nutrients in the manure were being mineralized, and plants were able to utilize the manure-based nutrients for growth. Leaf tissue nutrient analysis revealed that N, K, Zn, and Fe in leaf tissue were not at sufficiency levels at any level of manure pellet addition. Phosphorus and Cu reached sufficiency levels with 10% or greater manure pellet additions. Calcium, Mg, S, Mn, and B were sufficient in all plants, regardless of fertilizer or manure pellet treatment. Manure pellets demonstrate the potential to be used as a substrate and partial growth medium to reduce synthetic fertilizer use for more sustainable soilless container culture.

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Section: Manure Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Dry Dairy Manure Pellets as Nutrient Source for Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Growth in Soilless Media

et al. 2019

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“…To allow greater application under phosphorus-restricted nutrient management practices, the phosphorous-rich solid part of the raw animal slurry is usually separated out before land application (Hjorth et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2016). Thus, only the liquid fraction of mechanically separated swine slurry was collected from a farm near Åbøl, Denmark and stored at 2°C until applied to the soil columns.…”

Section: Soil and Slurrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of soil structure on contaminant leaching from injected slurry

Amin

Pedersen

Forslund

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Management

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Animal manure application to agricultural land provides beneficial organic matter and nutrients but can spread harmful contaminants to the environment. Contamination of fresh produce, surface water and shallow groundwater with the manure-borne pollutants can be a critical concern. Leaching and persistence of nitrogen, microorganisms (bacteriophage, E. coli, and Enterococcus) and a group of steroid hormone (estrogens) were investigated after injection of swine slurry into either intact (structured) or disturbed (homogeneous repacked) soil. The slurry was injected into hexaplicate soil columns at a rate of 50 t ha and followed with four irrigation events: 3.5-h period at 10 mm h after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The disturbed columns delayed the leaching of a conservative tracer and microorganisms in the first irrigation event compared to the intact columns due to the effect of disturbed macropore flow paths. The slurry constituents that ended up in or near the macropore flow paths of the intact soil were presumably washed out relatively quickly in the first event. For the last three events the intact soil leached fewer microorganisms than the disturbed soil due to the bypassing effect of water through the macropore flow path in the intact soil. Estrogen leached from the intact soil in the first event only, but for the disturbed soil it was detected in the leachates of last two events also. Leaching from the later events was attributed to higher colloid transport from the disturbed soils. In contrast, NO-N leaching from the intact soil was higher for all events except the first event, probably due to a lower nitrification rate in the disturbed soil. A week after the last irrigation event, the redistribution of all slurry constituents except NO-N in most of the sections of the soil column was higher for the disturbed soil. Total recovery of E. coli was significantly higher from the disturbed soil and total leaching of mineral nitrogen was significantly lower from the disturbed soil. Results demonstrate how manure-borne constituents injected into undisturbed soil columns respond more as expected in the field, in terms of leaching and persistence, than do the same constituents injected into typically constructed columns of disturbed soil.

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“…The addition of flocculants is an effective measure to improve the efficiency of SLSs in cattle slurry [12,13]. For example, low-charge-density cationic polymers can be more effective in manure coagulation and flocculation, and high-charge-density cationic polymers can effectively reduce pathogen levels [14]. Traditional flocculants, such as Fe 3+ and Al 3+ , are questionable [15], given their potential impact on public health and burden on the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional flocculants, such as Fe 3+ and Al 3+ , are questionable [15], given their potential impact on public health and burden on the environment. Cationic polymers are used because of their poor ability to remove dissolved organic matter (DOC) [14]. Therefore, it is necessary to identify environmentally friendly flocculants for the recycling of various natural resources to enhance the separation efficiency of simple SLSs [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Liquid Fractions from Two Solid–Liquid Separation Technologies on the Soil Porosity, Ammonia, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Wang,

Cui

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Application of organic manure on farmland is one of the most important tasks in agricultural recycling. However, few studies have investigated the potential impact of different solid–liquid separation (SLS) technologies on soil porosity and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as a result of the application of liquid fractions (LFs). A microcosm experiment was conducted to track the emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) from soils (1) without liquid manure application (CK), (2) with a raw dairy slurry (RM), (3) with the liquid fractions of mechanical solid–liquid separation (MS) technologies, and (4) with the LF of an enhanced solid–liquid separation technology including a flocculant (tannic acid, Ta) (MS + Ta). Soil porosities of different treatments were measured using computed tomography (CT). The saturated water conductivities of the RM and MS treatments were 53.38% and 78.63%, respectively, lower than that of the CK. The application of raw slurry and LFs reduced the gas diffusion due to the strong decrease in pore sizes >500 μm and increased gas emissions compared to the CK. Compared with RM, MS had greater N2O and lower CH4 emissions, whereas MS + Ta had lower NH3 and N2O emissions. MS had the greatest CO2-e emissions, mainly owing to high N2O emissions, followed by RM and MS + Ta. The implementation of a simple SLS led to an increase in nitrogen (N) loss and GHG emissions when the resultant LFs were applied to farmlands, whereas high emissions were reduced when a simple SLS was combined with a flocculant, such as Ta. Further research is required to elucidate the reduction mechanism and its effectiveness under field conditions.

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Use of cationic polymers to reduce pathogen levels during dairy manure separation

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Use of Dry Dairy Manure Pellets as Nutrient Source for Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Growth in Soilless Media

Use of Dry Dairy Manure Pellets as Nutrient Source for Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Growth in Soilless Media

Influence of soil structure on contaminant leaching from injected slurry

Impacts of Liquid Fractions from Two Solid–Liquid Separation Technologies on the Soil Porosity, Ammonia, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

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