Weight loss with mindful eating in African American women following treatment for breast cancer: a longitudinal study

Abstract

Purpose Women with higher body mass index (BMI) following breast cancer (BC) treatment are at higher risk of BC recurrence and death than women of normal weight. African American (AA) BC patients have the highest risk of BC recurrence and gain more weight after diagnosis than their white counterparts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between a mindful eating intervention and weight loss in AA women following chemotherapy for BC. Methods A single-group 24-week longitudinal pilot study with repeated measures was conducted. AA women (N= 22, BMI=35.13 kg/m2, range=27.08–47.21) with stage I–III BC who had finished active cancer treatment received a 12-week mindful eating intervention with individual dietary counseling and group mindfulness sessions, followed by bi-weekly telephone follow-up for 12 weeks. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention and of baseline mindfulness on the weight change over time. Results In the overall group (N=22), MEQ scores increased over time (p=0.001) while weight decreased over time (−0.887 kg, p=0.015). Weight loss over time was associated with higher T1 MEQ scores (p=0.043). Participants in the higher MEQ group (n=11) at T1 experienced significant weight loss over time (−1.166 kg, p=0.044), whereas those in the low MEQ (n=11) did not lose weight. Participants who were diagnosed with stage 1 BC experienced significant weight loss over time (−7.909 kg, p=0.014). Conclusions This study suggests that a mindful weight loss program may be effective for weight reduction and maintenance in some AA women who have completed treatment for BC, particularly those diagnosed with stage 1 BC and with initially higher mindful eating behaviors. Mindful weight loss program is proposed as a promising way in which to reduce obesity-related conditions in AA BC survivors.

Mindfulness‐based interventions for weight loss: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Studies that used a combination of informal and formal meditation practice showed higher effects ( n = 6; Hedge's g = .55; CI 95% [.32, .77], p < .00001) than formal meditation practice alone ( n = 4; Hedge's g = .46; 95% CI [.10, .83], p < .05). The effects of informal mindfulness exercises alone on weight loss were not significant ( n = 6; p = .17). Effects of MBIs on weight loss were maintained at follow‐up ( n = 6; Hedge's g = .58; 95% CI [.12, 1.03], p < .05).…”

“…46; 95% CI [.10, .83], p < .05). The effects of informal mindfulness exercises (53,63,73,(77)(78)(79)(80) alone on weight loss were not significant (n = 6; p = .17). Effects of MBIs on weight loss were maintained at follow-up (n = 6; Hedge's g = .58; 95% CI [.12, 1.03], p < .05).…”

“…Four of the 18 included papers used formal meditation practice as a primary intervention (52,72,74,76) while seven studies used informal mindfulness exercises (53,63,73,(77)(78)(79)(80) , and the remaining seven studies used a combination of both (54,64,75,(81)(82)(83)(84). Because of a variation in protocols, treatment hours varied from 5 to 43.75, with a…”

Eating Habits and Preferences of Polish Women Undergoing Treatment for Breast Cancer

“…Being overweight is a complex factor with variable effect on the risk of breast cancer, depending on the age of subjects (Protani et al, 2010, Munsell et al, 2014Chung et al, 2016). For post-menopausal women obesity is a risk factor, whereas for younger women this factor is virtually insignificant (Dieli-Conwright et al, 2016).…”

“…For post-menopausal women obesity is a risk factor, whereas for younger women this factor is virtually insignificant (Dieli-Conwright et al, 2016). Chung et al, (2016) emphasises that overweight women above the age of 60 have a higher risk of the cancer risk. Our results are very alarming.…”