No Benefit to Delaying Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccination in HIV-Positive Adults: Figure 1.

Leggat, David J.; Iyer, Anita; Westerink, M. A. Julie

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv349

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…4 However, a recent study demonstrated similar immunogenicity following PPSV23 in newly-diagnosed HIV-infected individuals with CD4 numbers <200/µl, suggesting that delayed vaccination after 6–12 months of ART is not needed. 46 Immunogenicity and efficacy of PCV7 has been demonstrated, while for PCV13 only immunogenicity data is currently available. Vaccination with three PCV13 doses one month apart led to increased antibody and opsonophagocytic responses after dose 1 but only incremental increases after doses 2 or 3, supporting the ACIP recommendations of PCV13 use in HIV-infected individuals.…”

Section: Pneumococcal Vaccination For Hiv-infected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal vaccination for HIV-infected individuals in Singapore

Licciardi

Tan

2018

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

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Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both children and adults globally. 1 Colonisation of the nasopharynx by the pneumococcus is the major prerequisite for disease, and in most people is asymptomatic. 2 Dissemination of the bacterium into the surrounding mucosal tissues can cause a range of diseases that are typically classified as either non-invasive such as otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia or invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) when it enters a normally sterile site, including bacteraemia (sepsis), meningitis and bacteraemic pneumonia. The major risk factors for the development of pneumococcal disease are age, ethnicity and immune status. Children under five years of age as well as older adults over the age of 65 years are most susceptible. In adults, pneumococcal bacteria are the most frequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This is particularly true for places like Australia and Singapore where there is an ageing population and increased rates of CAP, making this a public health priority. In Singapore, pneumonia is the third leading cause of death, accounting for 16% of total deaths in 2011. 3 Even more significant are younger adults who are immunocompromised, such as those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who are at greater risk for susceptibility to recurrent pneumococcal infections and for which pneumococcal vaccination coverage remains low. HIV infection substantially increases the risk of pneumococcal disease It has long been recognised that HIV-infected adults have a substantially higher risk of acquiring pneumococcal disease (>100-fold) than age-matched HIV-uninfected adults. 4-6

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Section: Pneumococcal Vaccination For Hiv-infected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal vaccination for HIV-infected individuals in Singapore

Licciardi

Tan

2018

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

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Enhancing efforts to address infections

Luz¹,

Veloso²

2015

The Lancet HIV

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Travel vaccination recommendations and infection risk in HIV-positive travellers

Chang

Lim

Flaherty

et al. 2019

Journal of Travel Medicine

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Background With the advent of highly active antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) it has become possible for people with HIV to travel to destinations that may place them at risk of a number of infectious diseases. Prevention of infections by vaccination is therefore of paramount importance for these travellers. However, vaccine responsiveness in HIV-positive individuals is not infrequently reduced compared to HIV-negative individuals. An understanding of the expected immune responses to vaccines in HIV-positive travellers is therefore important in planning the best approach to a pretravel consultation. Methods A PubMed search was performed on HIV or acquired immune deficiency syndrome together with a search for specific vaccines. Review of the literature was performed to develop recommendations on vaccinations for HIV-positive travellers to high-risk destinations. Results The immune responses to several vaccines are reduced in HIV-positive people. In the case of vaccines for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, influenza, pneumococcus, meningococcus and yellow fever there is a good body of data in the literature showing reduced immune responsiveness and also to help guide appropriate vaccination strategies. For other vaccines like Japanese encephalitis, rabies, typhoid fever, polio and cholera the data are not as robust; however, it is still possible to gain some understanding of the reduced responses seen with these vaccines. Conclusion This review provides a summary of the immunological responses to commonly used vaccines for the HIV-positive travellers. This information will help guide travel medicine practitioners in making decisions about vaccination and boosting of travellers with HIV.

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No Benefit to Delaying Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccination in HIV-Positive Adults: Figure 1.

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Pneumococcal vaccination for HIV-infected individuals in Singapore

Pneumococcal vaccination for HIV-infected individuals in Singapore

Enhancing efforts to address infections

Travel vaccination recommendations and infection risk in HIV-positive travellers

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