Self, memory, and imagining the future in a case of psychogenic amnesia

Rathbone, Clare J.; Ellis, Judi; Baker, Ian; Butler, Chris

doi:10.1080/13554794.2014.977923

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Self trait knowledge has held a prominent role in the notion that the self-concept may depend on autobiographical memory (Conway, 2005;Prebble et al, 2013;Rathbone et al, 2015). It is therefore interesting that HML040 appears to provide evidence that fundamental access to the self can be spared in the face of impairment to self trait knowledge.…”

Section: A Subjective Self Without Self Trait Knowledge?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical memory unknown: Pervasive autobiographical memory loss encompassing personality trait knowledge in an individual with medial temporal lobe amnesia

Wank

Robertson

Thayer

et al. 2022

Cortex

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Autobiographical memory consists of distinct memory types varying from highly abstract to episodic. Self trait knowledge, which is considered one of the more abstract types of autobiographical memory, is thought to rely on regions of the autobiographical memory neural network implicated in schema representation, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and critically, not the medial temporal lobes. The current case study introduces an individual who experienced bilateral posterior cerebral artery strokes resulting in extensive medial temporal lobe damage with sparing of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, in addition to severe retrograde and anterograde episodic and autobiographical fact amnesia, this individual's self trait knowledge was impaired for his current and pre-morbid personality traits. Yet, further assessment revealed that this individual had preserved conceptual knowledge for personality traits, could reliably and accurately rate another person's traits, and could access his own selfconcept in a variety of ways. In addition to autobiographical memory loss, he demonstrated impairment on non-personal semantic memory tests, most notably on tests requiring retrieval of unique knowledge. This rare case of amnesia suggests a previously unreported role for the medial temporal lobes in self trait knowledge, which we propose reflects the critical role of this neural region in the storage and retrieval of personal semantics that are experience-near, meaning autobiographical facts grounded in spatiotemporal contexts.

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Section: A Subjective Self Without Self Trait Knowledge?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical memory unknown: Pervasive autobiographical memory loss encompassing personality trait knowledge in an individual with medial temporal lobe amnesia

Wank

Robertson

Thayer

et al. 2022

Cortex

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(2015,5) What is here of special importance, however, is that although I have no direct phenomenological experience of a cross-temporal identity of the self as something that lasts "from thought to thought" (Strawson 2017, 35), frequent gaps in the stream of consciousness, such as dreamless sleep, cannot weaken my awareness of this enduring self just as changes within our minds and bodies are incapable of so doing. Squire et al (1981), Tulving (1993), Klein et al (2002), Rathbone et al (2014), and Dorahy et al (2021) refer to cases of patients suffering from severe memory impairments, dissociative identity disorder, and cognitive impairments, who despite a loss of "access to a variety of self-relevant sources of knowledge" (Klein 2012, 478) possessed a coherent sense of self which had not collapsed under the weight of cognitive disorders. But if this is the case, then terms like the "loss of self", 38 "damaged self", or "loss of sense of personal identity" are rather hyperbole and constructions suffering from a lack of distinction between the "self" and "selfconcept", "self-image", "the autobiographical self", "the narrative self", and so on.…”

Section: The Relevance Of the First-person Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

The Blurring of Boundaries in Bioscientific Discourse

2021

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Today artificial intelligence is being used experimentally to predict embryo viability. Some research teams have been also looking into the idea of the automation and robotization of other procedures that are frequently used in assisted reproduction. For a long time, other groups of researchers have been working on biotechnological devices that could ensure ectogenic gestation (ectogenesis). It is therefore imaginable that a synergistic combination of these and other reproductive technologies could one day lead to a complex procedure that would enable fully automated external human reproduction (herein referred to as robogenesis). This chapter aims to introduce the basic conceptual and ontological aspects of robogenesis. The first part is dedicated to defining robogenesis and situating it within the third wave of the reproductive revolution. The second part focuses on the analysis of theoretical, technological, and narrative assumptions about robogenesis. The final part presents arguments in favour of practising robogenesis. I will argue that a complete automation of human reproduction may be acceptable from the perspectives of humanism, transhumanism, and posthumanism, albeit for diametrically different ontological reasons.

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“…But evidence from clinical studies suggests that it is difficult to identify a circumscribed neuronal instantiation of the self. Certain transient forms of amnesia such as Dissociative Fugue or the Psychogenic Amnesia, for instance, can go along with a reversible distortion or loss of one’s sense of self while not showing any substantial organic brain damage (e.g., Coons, 1999; Rathbone, Ellis, Baker, & Butler, 2015). Studies such as these hence implicate a dissociation between the brain and the self and indicate how difficult it is to advance an understanding of the self as “aris[ing] in the brain” (Metzinger, 2009).…”

Section: Third-person Approaches Do Not Capture the Core Of The Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Behavioral, Experiential, and Conceptual Dimensions of the Self

Weger

Meyer²,

Wagemann

2016

European Psychologist

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Abstract. The self has become a prominent field of research in psychology but despite its eminent first-person character, it is typically studied from a third-person perspective. Such a third-person approach is well suited to enquire into the behavioral expression of the sense of selfhood but it does not capture the core experience – the so-called qualia nature – of the self. In the current article we illuminate the challenges that a predominant third-person approach poses to an understanding of the self. We outline two levels of analysis that can complement and enrich a third-person, behavior-focused view, namely the level of experience and the level of conceptual insight. Both these additional levels are accessible via a first-person mode of enquiry and can reveal a degree of richness about the self that reaches beyond a third-person approach. We here provide a methodological justification for such a qualitative mode of enquiry, as well as a synopsis of findings from our own first-person research which involved introspective reports of the authors’ experiences during meditation on geometrical shapes, words, and short phrases.

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Self, memory, and imagining the future in a case of psychogenic amnesia

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Autobiographical memory unknown: Pervasive autobiographical memory loss encompassing personality trait knowledge in an individual with medial temporal lobe amnesia

Autobiographical memory unknown: Pervasive autobiographical memory loss encompassing personality trait knowledge in an individual with medial temporal lobe amnesia

The Blurring of Boundaries in Bioscientific Discourse

Exploring the Behavioral, Experiential, and Conceptual Dimensions of the Self

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