A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from northwestern state of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

A new species of Pseudopaludicola is described from human-altered areas originally covered by Semideciduous Forest in northwestern state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Morphologically, the new species differs from four species belonging to the P. pusilla group by the absence of either T-shaped terminal phalanges or toe tips expanded, and from all other congeners except P. canga and P. facureae by possessing an areolate vocal sac, with dark reticulation. The higher duration (300-700 ms) of each single, pulsed note (9-36 nonconcatenated pulses) that compose the call in the new species distinguishes it from all other 14 species of Pseudopaludicola with calls already described (10-290 ms). Absence of harmonics also differ the advertisement call of the new species from the call of its sister species P. facureae, even though these two species presented unexpected low genetic distances. Although we could not identify any single morphological character distinguishing the new species from P. facureae, a PCA and DFA performed using 12 morphometric variables evidenced significant size differences between these two species.

Intraspecific Variation in Acoustic Traits and Body Size, and New Distributional Records for Pseudopaludicola Giarettai Carvalho, 2012 (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae): Implications for Its Congeneric Diagnosis

“…4 (118-255) 197.0 ± 6.9 species with described calls (unknown calls: P. ceratophyes, P. llanera, and P. pusilla). This non-pulsed call structure distinguishes P. giarettai from the pulsed calls of P. ameghini (Pansonato et al, 2013), P. atragula (Pansonato et al, 2014a), P. boliviana (Duré et al, 2004), P. falcipes (Haddad & Cardoso, 1987), P. mineira (Pereira & Nascimento, 2004), P. murundu (Toledo et al, 2010), P. mystacalis (Pansonato et al, 2013), P. saltica (Pansonato et al, 2013), and P. ternetzi (Cardozo & Toledo, 2013). Regarding Pseudo-paludicola species with non-pulsed structure (P. canga, P. facureae, P. hyleaustralis, and P. parnaiba), P. giarettai can easily be distinguished from all four species by its distinctive long-lasting (combined value range: 101-260 ms; Table 3) whistling call with a remarkable ascendant frequency modulation, and emitted in an intermittent calling pattern, whereas calls of all four species are emitted in a trilled calling pattern (welldefined series of non-pulsed notes) with short-lasting notes (maximum note duration: 50 ms; see Table 2 in Pansonato et al, 2012), having no or slight frequency modulation (Giaretta & Kokubum, 2003;Pansonato et al, 2012;Andrade & Carvalho, 2013;Roberto et al, 2013).…”

“…Morphological/morphometric features might have little contribution to assess specific identity of Pseudopaludicola, whereas acoustic information has revealed cryptic diversity and has contributed to the reassessment of taxonomic status within this Neotropical frog group. In the last four years, six species were described (in chronological order: P. giarettai, P. hyleaustralis, P. facureae, P. parnaiba, P. pocoto, and P. atragula;Carvalho, 2012;Pansonato et al, 2012Pansonato et al, , 2014aAndrade & Carvalho, 2013;Roberto et al, 2013;Magalhães et al, 2014), one revalidated (P. ameghini; Pansonato et al, 2013), and two invalidated (P. riopiedadensis and P. serrana; Cardozo & Toledo, 2013;Pansonato et al, 2014b) taking into account this line of evidence. Therefore, it is essential to obtain, whenever it is possible, the association of advertisement call pattern to Pseudopaludicola specimens to unambiguous assessment of their species identity.…”

Effects of Grazing Management and Cattle on Aquatic Habitat Use by the Anuran Pseudopaludicola mystacalis in Agro-Savannah Landscapes

“…obs. ), but almost always in shallow marshy areas [ 35 , 37 ]. Access of cattle to aquatic habitats was recorded as binary data (1 = cattle present; 0 = cattle absent).…”

Ultrastructure variation in the spermatozoa ofPseudopaludicolafrogs (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae), with brief comments on its phylogenetic relevance

“…In contrast, Mercadal de Barrio and Barrio (1994) concluded that P. riopiedadensis was distinct from all other Pseudopaludicola species, although this form was recently synonymized with P. ternetzi by Cardozo and Toledo (2013). Similarly, P. serrana, described by Toledo (2010), was considered to be closely related to P. saltica and was synonymized with P. murundu by Pansonato et al (2014).…”