Serological evidence of Flaviviruses infection among acute febrile illness patients in Afghanistan

Elyan, Diaa; Moustafa, Lais; Noormal, Bashir; Jacobs, Jolanta S; Aziz, Mustafa Abdel; Hassan, Khaled S; Wasfy, Momtaz O.; Monestersky, Jesse; Oyofo, Buhari A.

doi:10.3855/jidc.4183

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The continuous spread of WNV is a public health concern all over the world . WNV is present in several countries surrounding Iran, for example Turkey , Pakistan , Azerbaijan and Afghanistan . Our results confirmed the common suggestions regarding the wide geographic distribution of WNV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

West Nile Virus lineage‐2 inCulexspecimens from Iran

Shahhosseini

Chinikar

Moosa-Kazemi

et al. 2017

Tropical Med Int Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

West Nile Virus lineage‐2 inCulexspecimens from Iran

Shahhosseini

Chinikar

Moosa-Kazemi

et al. 2017

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…These are the first probable locally acquired reported cases of dengue fever by Afghanistan's national surveillance system. However, a study confirms serologic evidence of flaviviruses, including DENV in Afghanistan (Elyan et al, 2014). According to this hospital-based surveillance study in Afghanistan, DENV-IgG was detected in 19.2% of the samples, and DENV-IgM was detected among 2.6% samples taken from the patients with acute febrile illness (Elyan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Dengue fever as an emerging disease in Afghanistan: Epidemiology of the first reported cases

Sahak

2020

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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This paper aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of the first 15 dengue fever cases reported in Afghanistan. Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis of the data on confirmed dengue cases detected by the national disease surveillance system was conducted. Epidemiological, socio-demographic, clinical, laboratory and outcome data from the cases were analyzed. Results: Between May and December 2019, 62 samples were tested for DENV, among which 15 (24.2%) were positive. Seven of the cases were probable autochthonous with no travel history, the other seven cases had a travel history to dengue-endemic countries (five Pakistan, two India) and the travel history for one of the cases was not known. The 15 confirmed cases were reported from six provinces, seven cases (46.7%) were reported from Nangarhar Province, two (13%) from Paktya, and one (6.7%) from Paktika province, bordering with Pakistan, three (20%) were reported from Kabul, and one each (each 6.7%) from Faryab and Laghman provinces. All of the cases manifested fever, headache, myalgia, and arthralgia. Other clinical features were low platelet count (50%), pain behind eyes (36%), rash, and nausea/vomiting (each 21%). Conclusion: For the first time, the surveillance system detected and reported locally acquired DENV cases in Afghanistan, mostly in provinces bordering with Pakistan. Population movements between Afghanistan and Pakistan facilitate the cross-border spread of DENV between two countries.

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“…albopictus has been identified along the Mediterranean coast of Europe for decades along with local transmission of DENV and chikungunya since 2007 [141]. Near the Pakistan border, serologic evidence suggests possible DENV transmission in Iran [14, 51, 53] and Afghanistan [44], though local transmission has not been confirmed to our knowledge [53]. The presence of Aedes or DENV transmission in these areas should not be ruled out [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDengue virus (DENV) infection is widespread and its disease burden has increased in past decades. However, little is known about the epidemiology of dengue in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).Methodology / Principal FindingsFollowing Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and reporting our findings following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed available records across MENA describing dengue occurrence in humans (prevalence studies, incidence studies, and outbreak reports), occurrence of suitable vectors (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus), and DENV vector infection rates. We identified 105 human prevalence measures in 13 of 24 MENA countries; 81 outbreaks reported from 9 countries from 1941–2015; and reports of Ae. aegypti and/or Ae. albopictus occurrence in 15 countries. The majority of seroprevalence studies were reported from the Red Sea region and Pakistan, with multiple studies indicating >20% DENV seroprevalence in general populations (median 25%, range 0–62%) in these subregions. Fifty percent of these studies were conducted prior to 1990. Multiple studies utilized assays susceptible to serologic cross-reactions and 5% of seroprevalence studies utilized viral neutralization testing. There was considerable heterogeneity in study design and outbreak reporting, as well as variability in subregional study coverage, study populations, and laboratory methods used for diagnosis.Conclusions / SignificanceDENV seroprevalence in the MENA is high among some populations in the Red Sea region and Pakistan, while recent outbreaks in these subregions suggest increasing incidence of DENV which may be driven by a variety of ecologic and social factors. However, there is insufficient study coverage to draw conclusions about Aedes or DENV presence in multiple MENA countries. These findings illustrate the epidemiology of DENV in the MENA while revealing priorities for DENV surveillance and Aedes control.

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Serological evidence of Flaviviruses infection among acute febrile illness patients in Afghanistan

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

West Nile Virus lineage‐2 inCulexspecimens from Iran

West Nile Virus lineage‐2 inCulexspecimens from Iran

Dengue fever as an emerging disease in Afghanistan: Epidemiology of the first reported cases

Dengue in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review

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