Do n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Increase or Decrease Lipid Peroxidation in Humans?

Kelley, Nirvair S; Yoshida, Yasukazu; Erickson, Kent L.

doi:10.1089/met.2014.0045

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Such activation of this defensive mechanism by CLA, characterized by a hormetic/ biphasic dose-response pattern (i.e., low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition), is not completely unexpected, and it is shared by n-3 PUFAs (DHA and EPA) (16,45). Moreover, the ability of CLA and PUFA to trigger Nrf2 activity (16)(17)(18)46), as well as their pro-oxidant (23,47) and antioxidant effects (45,48), are consistent with the hormetic effects of ROS on Nrf2 pathways (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated linoleic acid prevents age-dependent neurodegeneration in a mouse model of neuropsychiatric lupus via the activation of an adaptive response

Antonio

Ferrandino

Boscaino

et al. 2018

Journal of Lipid Research

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Oxidative stress is a key mediator of autoimmune/neurodegenerative disorders. The antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effect of a synthetic conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture in MRL/MpJ-Fas mice (MRL/), an animal model of neuropsychiatric lupus, was previously associated with the improvement of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) defenses in the spleen and liver. However, little is known about the neuroprotective ability of a CLA mixture. This study investigated the age-dependent progression of oxidative stress and the hyperactivation of redox-sensitive compensatory pathways (macroautophagy, Nrf2) in old/diseased MRL/ mice brains and examines the effect produced by dietary CLA supplementation. Disrupted redox homeostasis was evidenced in the blood, liver, and brain of 21- to 22-week-old MRL/ (Old) mice compared with 8- to 10-week-old MRL/ (Young) animals. This alteration was associated with significant hyperactivation of compensatory mechanisms (macroautophagy, Nrf2, and astrocyte activation) in the brains of Old mice. Five-week daily supplementation with CLA (650 mg/kg body weight) of 16-week-old (CLA+Old) mice diminished all the pathological hallmarks at a level comparable to Young mice or healthy controls (BALB/c). Such data demonstrated that MRL/ mice can serve as a valuable model for the evaluation of the effectiveness of neuroprotective drugs. Notably, the preventive effect provided by CLA supplementation against age-associated neuronal damage and hyperactivation of compensatory mechanisms suggests that the activation of an adaptive response is at least in part accountable for its neuroprotective ability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated linoleic acid prevents age-dependent neurodegeneration in a mouse model of neuropsychiatric lupus via the activation of an adaptive response

Antonio

Ferrandino

Boscaino

et al. 2018

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…These changes may play a pivotal role in a number of pathologies. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation products (LPPs) may be formed in response to enhanced oxidative stress associated with obesity . Detailed characteristics of lipid components present in human serum and their obesity‐related alterations will be discussed in the relevant sections.…”

Section: Lipid Alterations In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review

Mika

Śledziński

2016

Obesity Reviews

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Obesity is a major contributor to the dysfunction of liver, cardiac, pulmonary, endocrine and reproductive system, as well as a component of metabolic syndrome. Although development of obesity-related disorders is associated with lipid abnormalities, most previous studies dealing with the problem in question were limited to routinely determined parameters, such as serum concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Many authors postulated to extend the scope of analysed lipid compounds and to study obesity-related alterations in other, previously non-examined groups of lipids. Comprehensive quantitative, structural and functional analysis of specific lipid groups may result in identification of new obesity-related alterations. The review summarizes available evidence of obesity-related alterations in various groups of lipids and their impact on health status of obese subjects. Further, the role of diet and endogenous lipid synthesis in the development of serum lipid alterations is discussed, along with potential application of various lipid compounds as risk markers for obesity-related comorbidities.

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“…Many different approaches have been investigated with the most common strategy involving elevating the total level of antioxidants [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. This is typically accomplished through supplementation with high levels of classic antioxidants, e.g., vitamin C, E, or glutathione [17], or engineered nutraceutical blends high in a mixture of these and other compounds [18]. In addition, changes in diet or consumption of extracts [19] are commonly used to modify antioxidants levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to decrease oxidative stress biomarker levels in human medical conditions: A meta-analysis on 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α

Erve

2018

Redox Biology

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The widespread detection of elevated oxidative stress levels in many medical conditions has led to numerous efforts to design interventions to reduce its effects. Efforts have been wide-ranging, from dietary changes to administration of antioxidants, supplements, e.g., omega-3-fatty acids, and many medications. However, there is still no systemic assessment of the efficacy of treatments for oxidative stress reduction across a variety of medical conditions.The goal of this meta-analysis is, by combining multiple studies, to quantitate the change in the levels of the popular oxidative stress biomarker 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) after a variety of treatment strategies in human populations.Nearly 350 unique publications with 180 distinct strategies were included in the analysis. For each strategy, the difference between pre- or placebo and post-treatment levels calculated using Hedges’ g value of effect. In general, administration of antibiotics, antihyperlipidemic agents, or changes in lifestyle (g = − 0.63, − 0.54, and 0.56) had the largest effect. Administration of supplements, antioxidants, or changes in diet (g = − 0.09, − 0.28, − 0.12) had small quantitative effects. To fully interpret the effectiveness of these treatments, comparisons to the increase in g value for each medical condition is required. For example, antioxidants in populations with coronary artery disease (CAD) reduce the 8-iso-PGF2α levels by g = − 0.34 ± 0.1, which is quantitatively considered a small effect. However, CAD populations, in comparison to healthy populations, have an increase in 8-iso-PGF2α levels by g = 0.38 ± 0.04; therefore, the overall reduction of 8-iso-PGF2α levels is ≈ 90% by this treatment in this specific medical condition.In conclusion, 8-iso-PGF2α levels can be reduced not only by antioxidants but by many other strategies. Not all strategies are equally effective at reducing 8-iso-PGF2α levels. In addition, the effectiveness of any strategy can be assessed only in relation to the medical condition investigated.

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Do n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Increase or Decrease Lipid Peroxidation in Humans?

Abstract: A majority of studies do not indicate that n-3 PUFA increased LPO. Future studies need to investigate the effects of dose, duration, and composition of n-3 PUFA with standardized diets and methods on concentrations and types of LPO products produced.

Cited by 26 publications

References 65 publications

Conjugated linoleic acid prevents age-dependent neurodegeneration in a mouse model of neuropsychiatric lupus via the activation of an adaptive response

Conjugated linoleic acid prevents age-dependent neurodegeneration in a mouse model of neuropsychiatric lupus via the activation of an adaptive response

Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review

Strategies to decrease oxidative stress biomarker levels in human medical conditions: A meta-analysis on 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α

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