Degradability and cytocompatibility of tricalcium phosphate/poly(amino acid) composite as bone tissue implants in orthopaedic surgery

Abstract

In this study, a tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and poly (amino acid) copolymer (PAA) biocomposite were fabricated for bone repair and characterized. The results show that the compressive strength of the TCP/PAA composites increased with an increase in the TCP content at TCP contents less than 40 w%. The weight loss of the composite after soaking in phosphate buffered saline for 12 weeks significantly increased with an increase in the TCP content, revealing its good degradability. In addition, the composite maintained adequate mechanical strength during the degradation period because it underwent a surface erosion process. In vitro MG63 cell culture experiments showed that the composite is non-cytotoxic and thus allows cells to adhere, proliferate and differentiate. Osteoid formation was evidenced on the composite surfaces 12 weeks after its implantation into the femoral bone of dogs. Furthermore, the composite combined directly with the host bone tissue without fibrous capsule tissue, and no inflammatory responses were found, showing the good biocompatibility of the composite. It is expected that the composite may be used for the development of bone implants for orthopaedic surgery.

Degradability and biocompatibility of bioglass/poly(amino acid) composites with different surface bioactivity as bone repair materials

“…According to our results, BG/PAA composites exhibit different interface (as shown in Figure 3) with those of the HA/PAA, CDHA/PAA, and DCP/PAA composites because of the bigger particle size of BG than HA, CDHA, and DCP. 30,31,36 The pH value of the physiological environment is often affected by degradation products of a biomaterial implanted in vivo, and hence it would influence cellular and tissue responses. 24,37 The changes in pH values of soaking medium SBF were monitored and the results showed that the pH value of BG/PAA composites were in the range of 7.12-7.46, higher than that of PAA, close to the physiological pH in vivo.…”

“…25,26 Various poly(amino acid)(PAA), composed of 6-aminocaproic acid and α-amino acid, have been developed by our lab recently. [27][28][29][30][31] All of them show a certain mechanical strength, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and good blending effect with polar inorganic ceramics. [28][29][30][31] Additionally, they are degradable and the degraded products are easily absorbed and metabolized in vivo, and hence do not elicit inflammatory responses.…”

“…[27][28][29][30][31] All of them show a certain mechanical strength, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and good blending effect with polar inorganic ceramics. [28][29][30][31] Additionally, they are degradable and the degraded products are easily absorbed and metabolized in vivo, and hence do not elicit inflammatory responses. 31 Although the PAA fails to achieve bone repair due to its lack of bioactivity, it is suitable as the matrix material to repair bone defects.…”

“…It showed significant differences in surface bioactivity when compared with the previously synthesized composites. [27][28][29][30][31] The influence of the BG content on the degradability and mechanical properties of the composites was systematically discussed. Concurrently, the cytocompatibility of the BG/PAA composites was evaluated by using the MG63 cells, which are used to study the reaction of hard-tissue cells to scaffolds.…”

Preparation and preliminaryin vitroevaluation of a bFGF-releasing heparin-conjugated poly(ε-caprolactone) membrane for guided bone regeneration

“…Even though the MG63 cells proliferate differently from the human osteoblasts, this line is widely used in GBR studies. [43][44][45] We used the cells to evaluate cytotoxicity of hep-PCL membranes by the live/dead staining method. After 3 days in culture, most of the cells remained viable (green color) both on PCL and hep-PCL membranes.…”