PCDD/PCDF and dl-PCB in the ambient air of a tropical Andean city: Passive and active sampling measurements near industrial and vehicular pollution sources

Nie

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

The seasonal and spatial variations, compositional profiles, and possible sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in ambient air samples in Shanghai of China were investigated by passive air samplers, and the potential inhalation risks posed by these chemicals were evaluated. The following results were obtained: (1) The World Health Organization (WHO) toxic equivalency (TEQ) values for PCDD/Fs were in the range of 10.8-259 fg m(-3) (mean 63.4 fg m(-3)) in summer and 24.1-154 fg m(-3) (mean 83.4 fg m(-3)) in winter. Atmospheric PCDD/F levels were in the following order: industrial areas > commercial and residential areas > rural areas. (2) 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF (24 %), 2,3,7,8-TeCDD (16 %), 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD (13 %), and 2,3,7,8-TeCDF (12 %) were the predominant contributors to the TEQ of PCDD/Fs. (3) There was a slight seasonal trend with higher TEQ values in winter than in summer, which could be related to seasonal variations in the dispersion of PCDD/Fs in ambient air. (4) The children's daily intake was at the lower end of the range for the tolerable daily intake of PCDD/Fs recommended by WHO, which indicates that the inhalation risk of PCDD/Fs for local residents in Shanghai is relatively low.

Section: Concentrations and Profiles Of Pcdd/fscontrasting

confidence: 79%

Passive air sampling for determining the levels of ambient PCDD/Fs and their seasonal and spatial variations and inhalation risk in Shanghai, China

Nie

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Science of The Total Environment

“…A more conservative range (0.9-30 fg TEQ m −3 ) has been recently reported for Latin America and Caribbean by the Global Monitoring Network (Schuster et al, 2015). Comparable concentrations have been reported for an urban area of Manizales, Colombia (18-39 fg TEQ m −3 ), where the industrial use of coal has been identified as the main PCDD/F source (Cortés et al, 2014). There is little information available for South American megacities, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Airborne PCDD/F profiles in rural and urban areas of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Cappelletti

Astoviza

Migoya

et al. 2016

Passive air samplers were deployed in 18 rural and urban locations in the densely populated Buenos Aires district to investigate airborne polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated-dibenzofuran (PCDD/Fs) profiles, sources and spatial patterns. Atmospheric concentrations reported as total toxic equivalents (TEQs), 2378-substituted (∑PCDD/F) and 4-8 homologous groups (∑PCDD/F) were highly variable and significantly correlated to urban scale. The rural average (3.0±2.7fgTEQm) was thirty times less than metropolitan values (90±51fgTEQm), with urban cluster (5.4±4.0fgTEQm) and urbanized area (33±50fgTEQm) in an intermediate position. A rural outlier exhibited the highest TEQ values (295-296fgTEQm) suggesting a local source. Principal component analyses (PCA) performed for ∑PCDD/F and ∑PCDD/F to identify source contributions showed more significant results for homologue groups compared to 17 congeners (83 and 45% of total variability explained, respectively) pointing to dominant diesel emissions enriched in TeCDF in rural areas, and open burning and industrial sources characterized by TeCDD, PeCDD contributing most in urbanized and metropolitan areas. Homologue group PCA also performed better clustering samples according to sources and TEQ concentrations. The PCDD/Fs profile of the rural outlier dominated by HxCDF and HpCDD/F showed a typical municipal incineration signature confirming the presence of local source.

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

“…1,2 Results from active air sampling have been used extensively to calculate sampling rates and derive concentrations of POPs measured in short-term (#2 year) passive sampling calibration studies. 3,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] However, besides one previous study by our group, 19 there have been no attempts to calculate and compare long-term (>5 year) temporal trends of POPs from passive monitoring to established active monitoring trends. We have previously shown that temporal trends can be directly determined from concentrations of POPs within 28 d passive samplers without derivation of air concentrations, and that these trends show strong agreement with trends from active sampling at the same location in Košetice, Czech Republic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparability of long-term temporal trends of POPs from co-located active and passive air monitoring networks in Europe

Kalina

White

Scheringer

et al. 2019