Evaluation of a Commercial Glycoprotein Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measuring Vaccine Immunity to Varicella

Kim, Yun Hwa; Hwang, Ji Young; Shim, Hye Min; Lee, Eunsil; Park, Songyong; Park, Hosun

doi:10.3349/ymj.2014.55.2.459

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The FAMA assay was performed using live cells, as described previously in New York (1) and Korea (13). The ELISA used for the serum samples from South Korea was performed using the VaccZyme VZV glycoprotein enzyme immunoassay (gpEIA) kit (The Binding Site, United Kingdom); an antibody titer of Ͻ50 mIU/ml was interpreted as seronegative (13). The ELISA used for the serum samples from the NIH was performed using the Trinity Biotech Captia VZV IgG kit, which uses inactivated VZV antigen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus in Recipients of the Varicella Vaccine by Using a Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System Assay

Cohen

Ali

Bayat

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A high-throughput test to detect varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antibodies in varicella vaccine recipients is not currently available. One of the most sensitive tests for detecting VZV antibodies after vaccination is the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) test. Unfortunately, this test is labor-intensive, somewhat subjective to read, and not commercially available. Therefore, we developed a highly quantitative and high-throughput luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay to detect antibody to VZV glycoprotein E (gE). Tests of children who received the varicella vaccine showed that the gE LIPS assay had 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity, a viral capsid antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) had 67% and 87% specificity, and a glycoprotein ELISA (not commercially available in the United States) had 94% sensitivity and 74% specificity compared with the FAMA test. The rates of antibody detection by the gE LIPS and glycoprotein ELISA were not statistically different. Therefore, the gE LIPS assay may be useful for detecting VZV antibodies in varicella vaccine recipients. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00921999.) V aricella-zoster virus (VZV) causes both chickenpox and zoster. A live attenuated varicella vaccine derived from the Oka strain of the virus was developed by Takahashi and colleagues in the 1970s and was licensed for routine use in the United States in 1995. One of the most sensitive tests for detecting VZV antibodies after vaccination is the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) test. For this test, serial dilutions of human serum are incubated with live VZV-infected human fibroblasts, incubated with fluorescein-tagged anti-human immunoglobulin, and examined by fluorescence microscopy (1). The test detects antibodies to surface glycoproteins on live VZV-infected cells. While the FAMA test is highly predictive of protection from varicella infection after vaccination (2), the test is labor-intensive and somewhat subjective to read. Therefore, the FAMA assay is not applicable for largescale or commercial testing, nor is it readily available.Most laboratories use commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to determine VZV seropositivity. A comparison of the commercially available ELISA with the FAMA test in recipients of the varicella vaccine indicates that the ELISA has a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 89% (3) (assuming that the FAMA has 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Thus, the ELISA is not considered sufficiently sensitive for reliably detecting antibodies after varicella immunization. Several studies have reported failures to seroconvert after immunization even after 2 doses, based on ELISA (4), and these are thought to represent a failure to detect antibody responses rather than a failure of the vaccine.Modified FAMA tests have been developed, including ones that use fixed cells (5) and a flow cytometry-based FAMA assay using virus-infected cells (6). The fixed-cells test is subjective to ...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus in Recipients of the Varicella Vaccine by Using a Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System Assay

Cohen

Ali

Bayat

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because VZV serological tests are performed to determine susceptibility to VZV infection, the cutoff value is important. A titer of <1:4 serum dilution and a gpEIA <50 mIU/ml have been used as negative cutoff values [1,10]. gE FAMA titration revealed that FAMA negative at 1:8 was lower than gpEIA 50 mIU/ml.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the FAMA test, cells were infected either with VZV or plasmid. Basically, we performed the classic FAMA test according to William's method with some modifications [10,17]. For gE FAMA, HEK293T cells were transfected with plasmid encoding VZV gE.…”

Section: Fama Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus Using a Virus-Free Fluorescent-Antibody-to-Membrane-Antigen (FAMA) Test

Park¹,

Hwang²,

Lee³

et al. 2015

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fluorescent-antibody-to-membrane-antigen (FAMA) test is regarded as the "gold standard" to detect protective antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) because of its high sensitivity and specificity. Because the classic FAMA test uses an infectious virus for detection of antibodies to VZV, it is labor-intensive, and also requires special equipment for handling the virus. For this reason, we attempted to develop a simple and safe FAMA assay. Because VZV glycoprotein E (gE) is one of the major VZV glycoproteins, we used the gE protein for the FAMA test (gE FAMA). Here, we demonstrate that overexpression of gE in HEK293T cells can be used to measure antibodies in human serum, and that gE FAMA titers are closely correlated with gpEIA ELISA data. These results indicate that our gE FAMA test has the potential to measure antibodies to VZV.

show abstract

“…However, ELISA may be less useful in the future when a greater portion of the population has been vaccinated. ELISA had lower sensitivity compared to the FAMA test in determining protective immunity against VZV, especially in vaccinees [ 25 – 27 , 37 ], and thus the false-negative rate of ELISA may increase with the growing vaccinated population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of varicella-zoster virus in Korean adolescents and adults using fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen test

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYWe conducted a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study in 2012–2013 to determine the seroprevalence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in adolescents and adults living in Korea, where varicella vaccination has been recommended universally at age 12–15 months since 2005. Residual serum samples were collected from 1196 healthy adults and adolescents aged ⩾10 years between November 2012 and March 2013. The fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to determine the seroprevalence of VZV. The seroprevalences of VZV were compared between six age groups: 10–19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, and ⩾60 years. The seroprevalence of VZV in the entire study cohort was 99·1% according to the FAMA test and 93·1% as determined by ELISA. The seroprevalences of the six age groups were as follows: 96·0%, 99·5%, 99·5%, 99·5%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, by the FAMA test, and 83·3%, 93·0%, 93·0%, 97·5%, 94·5%, and 97·5%, respectively, by ELISA. Seroprevalence increased significantly with age (P < 0·001); moreover, the seroprevalence in subjects aged 10–19 years was significantly lower than in other age groups (P < 0·001), as measured by both the FAMA test and ELISA. Thus, strategies to increase protective immunity against VZV in teenagers are necessary.

show abstract

Evaluation of a Commercial Glycoprotein Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measuring Vaccine Immunity to Varicella

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Detection of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus in Recipients of the Varicella Vaccine by Using a Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System Assay

Detection of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus in Recipients of the Varicella Vaccine by Using a Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System Assay

Measurement of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus Using a Virus-Free Fluorescent-Antibody-to-Membrane-Antigen (FAMA) Test

Seroepidemiology of varicella-zoster virus in Korean adolescents and adults using fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen test

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About