“…Considering the hypothesis that adenomyosis is more likely to be caused by 'invasion' of endometrial tissue across the junctional zone and into the myometrium, three-dimensional transvaginal sonography evaluation of junctional zone could probably be able to detect initial adenomyosis. It has been observed that pelvic endometriosis, especially in severe stages, is also strongly associated with junctional zone thickening and adenomyosis [83,84,88,94]. The junctional zone, if altered, is correlated to adenomyosis, and seems to be involved in the process that determines pelvic endometriosis [73,76,81,83,84].…”