Abstract:One way to investigate the neuronal underpinnings of language competence is to correlate patholinguistic profiles of aphasic patients to corresponding lesion sites. Constituting the beginnings of aphasiology and neurolinguistics over a century ago, this approach has been revived and refined in the past decade by statistical approaches mapping continuous variables (providing metrics that are not simply categorical) on voxel-wise lesion information (voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping). Here we investigate whethe… Show more
“…Dorsal/ventral dissociations have also been found in aphasic patients, where expressive impairments can occur at the lexical-semantic or lexical-phonological levels. Semantic impairments in aphasia can occur at different levels of language processing but have been associated with left temporal, and inferior frontal areas, while lexical-phonological difficulties occur after supramarginal and arcuate lesions (Henseler et al, 2014;Parker Jones et al, 2014). Our results suggest that dorsal/ventral dissociations found in aphasic patients can also be found in an unselected brain-damaged patients population and confirm the role of temporal structure in accessing the meaning of words.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A meta-analysis of 30 neuropsychological studies including tests of verbal fluency in patients with brain damage indeed reports that while temporal structures are more important for semantic fluency, frontal damages impact similarly on phonologic and semantic fluency (Henry and Crawford, 2004). Of note, dorsal/ventral dissociations for phonologic and semantic processing have also been found related to other types of language impairments; deficits in oral expression can for example occur at the lexical-semantic or lexical-phonological levels (Henseler et al, 2014;Parker Jones et al, 2014).…”
Abstract-Verbal fluency refers to the ability to generate as many words as possible in a limited time interval, without repetition and according to either a phonologic (each word begins with a given letter) or a semantic rule (each word belongs to a given semantic category). While current literature suggests the involvement of left fronto-temporal structures in fluency tasks, whether the same or distinct brain areas are necessary for each type of fluency remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis for an involvement of partly segregated cortico-subcortical structures between phonologic and semantic fluency by examining with a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping approach the effects of brain lesions on fluency scores corrected for age and education level in a group of 191 unselected braindamaged patients with a first left or right hemispheric lesion. There was a positive correlation between the scores to the two types of fluency, suggesting that common mechanisms underlie the word generation independent of the production rule. The lesion-symptom mapping revealed that lesions to left basal ganglia impaired both types of fluency and that left superior temporal, supramarginal and rolandic operculum lesions selectively impaired phonologic fluency and left middle temporal lesions impaired semantic fluency. Our results corroborate current neurocognitive models of word retrieval and production, and refine the role of cortical-subcortical interaction in lexical search by highlighting the common executive role of basal ganglia in both types of verbal fluency and the preferential involvement of the ventral and dorsal language pathway in semantic and phonologic fluency, respectively. Ó
“…Dorsal/ventral dissociations have also been found in aphasic patients, where expressive impairments can occur at the lexical-semantic or lexical-phonological levels. Semantic impairments in aphasia can occur at different levels of language processing but have been associated with left temporal, and inferior frontal areas, while lexical-phonological difficulties occur after supramarginal and arcuate lesions (Henseler et al, 2014;Parker Jones et al, 2014). Our results suggest that dorsal/ventral dissociations found in aphasic patients can also be found in an unselected brain-damaged patients population and confirm the role of temporal structure in accessing the meaning of words.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A meta-analysis of 30 neuropsychological studies including tests of verbal fluency in patients with brain damage indeed reports that while temporal structures are more important for semantic fluency, frontal damages impact similarly on phonologic and semantic fluency (Henry and Crawford, 2004). Of note, dorsal/ventral dissociations for phonologic and semantic processing have also been found related to other types of language impairments; deficits in oral expression can for example occur at the lexical-semantic or lexical-phonological levels (Henseler et al, 2014;Parker Jones et al, 2014).…”
Abstract-Verbal fluency refers to the ability to generate as many words as possible in a limited time interval, without repetition and according to either a phonologic (each word begins with a given letter) or a semantic rule (each word belongs to a given semantic category). While current literature suggests the involvement of left fronto-temporal structures in fluency tasks, whether the same or distinct brain areas are necessary for each type of fluency remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis for an involvement of partly segregated cortico-subcortical structures between phonologic and semantic fluency by examining with a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping approach the effects of brain lesions on fluency scores corrected for age and education level in a group of 191 unselected braindamaged patients with a first left or right hemispheric lesion. There was a positive correlation between the scores to the two types of fluency, suggesting that common mechanisms underlie the word generation independent of the production rule. The lesion-symptom mapping revealed that lesions to left basal ganglia impaired both types of fluency and that left superior temporal, supramarginal and rolandic operculum lesions selectively impaired phonologic fluency and left middle temporal lesions impaired semantic fluency. Our results corroborate current neurocognitive models of word retrieval and production, and refine the role of cortical-subcortical interaction in lexical search by highlighting the common executive role of basal ganglia in both types of verbal fluency and the preferential involvement of the ventral and dorsal language pathway in semantic and phonologic fluency, respectively. Ó
“…The supramarginal gyrus borders Wernicke's area at the posterior end of the superior temporal gyrus. Its lesions have been associated with defects of the phonological loop of verbal working memory (Baddeley, 2004;Leyton et al, in press);Henseler et al, 2014) but also with deficient comprehension and naming of categorical spatial relations and mechanically complex tools (Kemmerer et al, 2012;Pelgrims et al, 2013;Orban and Caruana, 2014;Watson and Buxbaum, 2015). It is remarkable that these symptoms include disturbances of spatial, semantic, and linguistic processing.…”
Section: Supramarginal and Angular Gyrusmentioning
“…Aphasia recovery is generally predicted not only by size but also lesion location in critical language areas, logically a small lesion in a speech area is more likely to impact on language severity and recovery, while a large lesion elsewhere may affect speech minimally (Naeser et al 1998(Naeser et al , 1989Henseler et al 2014).…”
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