A case report of subacute bronchial toxicity induced by an electronic cigarette: Table 1

Hureaux, J.; Drouet, M.; Urban, T.

doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204767

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A brief delivery of nicotine by electronic cigarette through inhalation has been shown to increase respiratory impedance and peripheral airway flow resistance in healthy adult smokers when compared with a control group (53). At the same time, ceasing its usage has also revealed significant improvement of cough, sputum production, and breathlessness (25). Therefore, it is a reasonable concern that the exposure of nicotine to airway via such route may equally hinder proper mucin hydration and alter rheological properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine alters mucin rheological properties

Chen

Sun

Chen

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Tobacco smoke exposure, the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), instigates a dysfunctional clearance of thick obstructive mucus. However, the mechanism underlying the formation of abnormally viscous mucus remains elusive. We investigated whether nicotine can directly alter the rheological properties of mucin by examining its physicochemical interactions with human airway mucin gels secreted from A549 lung epithelial cells. Swelling kinetics and multiple particle tracking were utilized to assess mucin gel viscosity change when exposed to nicotine. Herein we show that nicotine (≤50 nM) significantly hindered postexocytotic swelling and hydration of released mucins, leading to higher viscosity, possibly by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, the close association of nicotine and mucins allows airway mucus to function as a reservoir for prolonged nicotine release, leading to correlated pathogenic effects. Our results provide a novel explanation for the maltransport of poorly hydrated mucus in smokers. More importantly, this study further indicates that even low-concentration nicotine can profoundly increase mucus viscosity and thus highlights the health risks of secondhand smoke exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine alters mucin rheological properties

Chen

Sun

Chen

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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“…A number of case reports suggest some ECIG‐related health problems, including recurring ulcerative colitis, lipoid pneumonia, acute eosinophilic pneumonitis, subacute bronchial toxicity, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, and reversal of chronic idiopathic neutrophilia . Other studies report potential lower health risk, including decreased exposures to carcinogens in ECIG users as compared to combustible cigarette smokers .…”

Section: Other Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?

Breland

Soule

Lopez

et al. 2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

280

269

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Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) use electricity to power a heating element that aerosolizes a liquid that often contains solvents, flavorants, and the dependence-producing drug nicotine for user inhalation. ECIGs have evolved rapidly in the past 8 years, and the changes in product design and liquid constituents affect the resulting toxicant yield in the aerosol and delivery to the user. This rapid evolution has been accompanied by dramatic increases in ECIG use prevalence in many countries, including among adults and especially adolescents in the United States. This increased prevalence of a novel product that has the potential to deliver nicotine and other toxicants to users’ lungs drives a rapidly growing research effort. This review highlights the most recent information regarding the design of ECIGs and liquid and aerosol constituents, the epidemiology of ECIG use among adolescents and adults (including correlates of ECIG use), and preclinical and clinical research regarding ECIG effects. The current literature suggests a strong rationale for an empirical regulatory approach toward ECIGs that balances any potential ECIG-mediated decreases in health risks for smokers who use them as substitutes for tobacco cigarettes and against any increased risks for nonsmokers who may be attracted to them.

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“…Case reports have identified more serious potential health effects of e-cigarette exposure, including paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, lipoid pneumonia, and subacute bronchial toxicity [8][9][10]. Tragically, December 2014 marked the first child fatality attributed to electronic cigarette toxicity.…”

Section: American Journal Of Emergency Medicine J O U R N a L H O M Ementioning

confidence: 99%