Incidence of electronic cigarette exposures in children skyrockets in Arizona

LoVecchio, Frank; Zoph, Olivia

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2015.02.036

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Compared to cigarette‐exposure calls, ECIG‐related calls were more likely to report an adverse event, with those most commonly reported related to nicotine toxicity, including vomiting, nausea, and eye irritation . Across all studies, symptoms ranged from mild to moderate, appearing to be related to acute nicotine toxicity, with very few reports of serious adverse events involving hospitalization . Emergency department case reports presented similar findings with children, and also called for increased public education, including among physicians, as well as regulatory efforts to curtail these occurrences .…”

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several published articles highlighted ECIG‐associated poisonings, with reports related to data collected from poison control centers showing a rapid increase in calls received and emergency department case reports . There has been an increase in the number of calls to poison control centers, with many of the patients being young children . Oral ingestion, dermal, inhalation, and ocular exposures were the primary routes of exposure reported .…”

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several published articles highlighted ECIGassociated poisonings, with reports related to data collected from poison control centers showing a rapid increase in calls received [254][255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262] and emergency department case reports. [260][261][262] There has been an increase in the number of calls to poison control centers, with many of the patients being young children.…”

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[260][261][262] There has been an increase in the number of calls to poison control centers, with many of the patients being young children. 254,255,[257][258][259] Oral ingestion, dermal, inhalation, and ocular exposures were the primary routes of exposure reported. 254,255,[257][258][259] Compared to cigarette-exposure calls, ECIG-related calls were more likely to report an adverse event, with those most commonly reported related to nicotine toxicity, including vomiting, nausea, and eye irritation.…”

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…254,255,[257][258][259] Oral ingestion, dermal, inhalation, and ocular exposures were the primary routes of exposure reported. 254,255,[257][258][259] Compared to cigarette-exposure calls, ECIG-related calls were more likely to report an adverse event, with those most commonly reported related to nicotine toxicity, including vomiting, nausea, and eye irritation. 255 Across all studies, symptoms ranged from mild to moderate, appearing to be related to acute nicotine toxicity, with very few reports of serious adverse events involving hospitalization.…”

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?

Breland

Soule

Lopez

et al. 2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

280

269

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Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) use electricity to power a heating element that aerosolizes a liquid that often contains solvents, flavorants, and the dependence-producing drug nicotine for user inhalation. ECIGs have evolved rapidly in the past 8 years, and the changes in product design and liquid constituents affect the resulting toxicant yield in the aerosol and delivery to the user. This rapid evolution has been accompanied by dramatic increases in ECIG use prevalence in many countries, including among adults and especially adolescents in the United States. This increased prevalence of a novel product that has the potential to deliver nicotine and other toxicants to users’ lungs drives a rapidly growing research effort. This review highlights the most recent information regarding the design of ECIGs and liquid and aerosol constituents, the epidemiology of ECIG use among adolescents and adults (including correlates of ECIG use), and preclinical and clinical research regarding ECIG effects. The current literature suggests a strong rationale for an empirical regulatory approach toward ECIGs that balances any potential ECIG-mediated decreases in health risks for smokers who use them as substitutes for tobacco cigarettes and against any increased risks for nonsmokers who may be attracted to them.

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Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adverse Events Associated With Ecigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?

Breland

Soule

Lopez

et al. 2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

280

269

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Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Glasser

Collins

Pearson

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

418

332

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Context Rapid developments in e-cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and the evolution of the overall tobacco product marketplace warrant frequent evaluation of the published literature. The purpose of this article is to report updated findings from a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature on ENDS. Evidence acquisition The authors conducted a systematic review of published empirical research literature on ENDS through May 31, 2016, using a detailed search strategy in the PubMed electronic database, expert review, and additional targeted searches. Included studies presented empirical findings and were coded to at least one of nine topics: (1) Product Features; (2) Health Effects; (3) Consumer Perceptions; (4) Patterns of Use; (5) Potential to Induce Dependence; (6) Smoking Cessation; (7) Marketing and Communication; (8) Sales; and (9) Policies; reviews and commentaries were excluded. Data from included studies were extracted by multiple coders (October 2015 to August 2016) into a standardized form and synthesized qualitatively by topic. Evidence synthesis There were 686 articles included in this systematic review. The majority of studies assessed patterns of ENDS use and consumer perceptions of ENDS, followed by studies examining health effects of vaping and product features. Conclusions Studies indicate that ENDS are increasing in use, particularly among current smokers, pose substantially less harm to smokers than cigarettes, are being used to reduce/quit smoking, and are widely available. More longitudinal studies and controlled trials are needed to evaluate the impact of ENDS on population-level tobacco use and determine the health effects of longer-term vaping.

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