Light transmittance and micro-mechanical properties of bulk fill vs. conventional resin based composites

Bucuta, Stefan; Ilie, Nicoleta

doi:10.1007/s00784-013-1177-y

Cited by 356 publications

(414 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Among the tested materials, SF showed high DC-values up to 4 mm (up to 77.0%), but also the largest discrepancy from the manufacturer's recommendation was observed for depth of cure of SF based on KHN-data. This finding might be explained by the fact that SF, unlike other bulk-fill resin composites, is not more translucent for blue light than conventional composite materials, due to its high filler content (84 wt%, 66 vol%) and irregularly shaped particles, which increase light scattering and thus decrease light transmittance [6]. Our results are supported by Garcia et al [51] and Garoushi et al [52], but in contrast to another study [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The amount of light transmitted through a composite material depends on the amount of scattered and absorbed light. Light scattering is increased in materials with a large filler-matrix interface area, due to differences in the refractive indices between filler particles and resin matrix [6,8]. On the other hand, similar refractive indices of the components of resin composites, as demonstrated for Bis-GMA and silica fillers, have been shown to improve translucency in experimental materials, and a linear correlation between the percentage of Bis-GMA in the organic matrix and light transmittance has been established [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The third approach to increase depth of cure is to increase the translucency of resin composites with the aim to ensure that more photons penetrate into deeper areas of the material, where they will activate initiator molecules [38]. It seems that reducing filler content together with increasing filler size plays a crucial role in achieving higher translucency of bulk-fill resin composites [6]. The amount of light transmitted through a composite material depends on the amount of scattered and absorbed light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to obtain good clinical outcomes, several conditions have to be met: thick layers should be optimally cured, while polymerization shrinkage as well as stress should be maintained low with no decrease in marginal quality. One approach to improve the depth of cure is to increase the material's translucency [6]. Optical properties of resin composite restoratives are of obvious importance in a procedure reliant on photoactivation, since they may affect light transmission and therefore monomer conversion upon which mechanical properties and ultimate clinical performance are dependent [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites, in contrast, are indicated for use without veneering, and can thus be applied as true single-step bulk-fill materials. Nevertheless, to date, very few studies concentrated on high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites and examined their characteristics [6,[13][14][15], and only one study [16] used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine the DC of two representatives of nonflowable bulk-fill materials. To the knowledge of the authors, until now, there are no studies dealing with a systematic and thorough investigation on the influence of irradiation time and composite thickness on the DC of currently available high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of irradiation time on degree of conversion (DC) and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites in depths up to 6 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four bulk-fill materials (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill-TECBF; x-tra fil-XF; QuixFil-QF; SonicFill-SF) and one conventional nano-hybrid resin composite (Tetric EvoCeram-TEC) were irradiated for 10, 20, or 30 s at 1,170 mW/cm(2). DC and Knoop microhardness (KHN) were recorded after 24-h dark storage at five depths: 0.1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 mm. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc test ( = 0.05). RESULTS With increasing bulk thickness, DC and KHN significantly decreased for TEC. TECBF and SF showed a significant decrease in DC and KHN at 4-mm depth after 10-s irradiation, but no decrease in DC after 30-s irradiation (p > 0.05). XF and QF demonstrated no significant DC decrease at depths up to 6 mm after irradiation of at least 20 s. At 4-mm depth, all materials tested achieved at least 80 % of their maximum DC value, irrespective of irradiation time. However, at the same depth (4 mm), only XF and QF irradiated for 30 s achieved at least 80 % of their maximum KHN value. CONCLUSIONS Regarding DC, the tested bulk-fill resin composites can be safely used up to at least 4-mm incremental thickness. However, with respect to hardness, only XF and QF achieved acceptable results at 4-mm depth with 30 s of irradiation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Minimum irradiation times stated by the manufacturers cannot be recommended for placement of highviscosity bulk-fill materials in 4-mm increments. Conclusions: Regarding DC, the tested bulk-fill resin composites can be safely used up to at least 4-mm incremental thickness. However, with respect to hardness, only XF and QF achieved acceptable results at 4-mm depth with 30 s of irradiation.Clinical relevance: Minimum irradiation times stated by the manufacturers cannot be recommended for placement of high-viscosity bulk-fill materials in 4-mm increments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

et al. 2014

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Color stability of bulk‐fill composites immersed in different drinks

Erdemir

Kaner

Eren

et al. 2018

Color Research & Application

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Bulk-fill composites show structural differences compared to those of conventional resin composites. Their more reactive photoinitiators, monomer compositions, and increased filler content may result in higher color stability than for conventional ones. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the color stability of three different bulk-fill composites and one conventional resin composite with a higher filler load after 1 week and 1 month of immersion in different drinks. The resin composite materials that were tested demonstrated significantly different color changes after immersion in the four solutions during both evaluation periods. Immersion in coffee and red wine showed noticeable staining of all the materials. The discoloration effect of staining solutions on the resin composites depends both on the material composition and on the pigment types found in the solutions. K E Y W O R D Sbulk-fill composites, coffee, cola, color stability, red wine

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In vitro microleakage at the enamel and dentin margins of class II cavities of primary molars restored with a bulk‐fill and a conventional composite

Mosharrafian

Farahmand

Poorzandpoush

et al. 2023

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objectives This study assessed the enamel and dentin margin microleakage of class II cavities of primary molars restored with a bulk‐fill and a conventional composite. Materials and Methods In this in vitro, experimental study, standard class II cavities were created in the proximal surfaces of 60 extracted primary molars. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups, and restored with SonicFill bulk‐fill and Filtek Z250 conventional composite along with Single Bond 2 adhesive. The teeth were coated with two layers of nail varnish to 1 mm around the restoration margins, and the apices were sealed with wax. The teeth underwent 1500 thermal cycles and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. They were then immersed in 1 M silver nitrate in the dark, rinsed with water, immersed in developing solution for 12 h, and exposed to fluorescent light. Next, they were mesiodistally sectioned, and digitally photographed under a stereomicroscope at ×10 magnification. The dye penetration depth was measured by a blind observer, and analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test (α = .05). Results No significant difference existed in microleakage between the two composite groups at the enamel (p = .76) or dentin (p = .16) margins. In both composite groups, microleakage at the dentin margins was significantly greater than that at the enamel margins (p = .000). Conclusion Considering the absence of a significant difference in microleakage, SonicFill bulk‐fill composite can be used as an alternative to Filtek Z250 conventional composite for restoration of primary molars to benefit from its advantages such as simpler and faster application.

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Light transmittance and micro-mechanical properties of bulk fill vs. conventional resin based composites

Abstract: Although bulk fill RBCs are generally more translucent, the practitioner has to follow the manufacturer's recommendations on curing technique and maximum incremental thickness.

Cited by 356 publications

References 29 publications

Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

Color stability of bulk‐fill composites immersed in different drinks

In vitro microleakage at the enamel and dentin margins of class II cavities of primary molars restored with a bulk‐fill and a conventional composite

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