Differing effects of liraglutide on gastric emptying in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

This study was performed to clarify the influence of liraglutide on gastric emptying in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. In 16 patients, the [(13) C]-acetate breath test was performed to compare gastric emptying before and after liraglutide treatment. We found two patterns of response, with gastric emptying being delayed by liraglutide in seven patients (delayers) and not delayed in nine patients (non-delayers). The mean increase of the maximum gastric emptying time was 31 ± 4 min (p < 0.01 vs. baseline) in the delayers, while it was only 2 ± 3 min (p = 0.60 vs. baseline) in the non-delayers. The delayers showed a greater early decrease of AUC-PG from 0 to 60 min, despite no increase of the plasma insulin level compared with non-delayers. In conclusion, the effect of liraglutide treatment on gastric emptying shows heterogeneity, and patients can be classified as delayers or non-delayers.

Adverse drug reactions associated with the use of liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes – focus on pancreatitis and pancreas cancer

“…In line with this, the effect of liraglutide on gastric emptying seems to wane after a few weeks of treatment [25] resulting in a decreasing effect of liraglutide on postprandial glucose excursions over time. Nevertheless, a recent study indicates that liraglutide's effect on gastric emptying vary considerably from patient to patient [26]. The tachyphylaxis associated with liraglutide's effect on gastric emptying indicates that the sustained reduction in bodyweight seen with liraglutide (see below) is independent of changes in gastric emptying.…”

Effects of exenatide and liraglutide on 24-hour glucose fluctuations in type 2 diabetes

“…Jelsing et al assessed the effects of exenatide and liraglutide on gastric emptying, and reported that emptying was still delayed on Day 14 of exenatide treatment, whereas emptying showed less delay on Day 14 of liraglutide treatment compared with soon after the initiation of treatment [27]. In addition, Nagai et al performed expired air analysis following treatment with liraglutide for 1 week and reported that gastric emptying was not delayed in 9 out of 16 patients [28].…”

Liraglutide accelerates colonic transit in people with type 1 diabetes and polyneuropathy: A randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

“…It is well established that short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist induces delayed gastric emptying, 23 whereas the long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide induces delayed gastric emptying in people with type 2 diabetes or obesity. 9,10,24 In type 1 diabetes, Dejgaard et al found slower gastric emptying after both 3 and 24 weeks of liraglutide, assessed with paracetamol in a liquid meal. 6 In contrast, we showed a 10% increase in gastric emptying time in the liraglutide group, although no significant differences from placebo were observed.…”

“…[6][7][8] It has been shown that GLP-1 administration delays gastric emptying time and induces nausea in people with type 1 diabetes 6,7 and delays gastric emptying in people with type 2 diabetes or obesity. [9][10][11] These adverse effects often limit the intended therapeutic improvement of hyperglycaemia and weight loss due to discontinuation of the treatment. However, it is not fully known how or to what degree liraglutide elicits changes on enteric motility or how it induces gastrointestinal symptoms.…”