Bone Formation at Porous Titanium Implants Coated with Multiple Layers of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 cDNA Plasmid in the Posterior Mandible in Dogs

Abstract

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Gene-Activated Materials in Regenerative Dentistry: Narrative Review of Technology and Study Results

“…Among such methods are dropping plasmid-containing suspension on the material or soaking of the material in the suspension followed by some time of incubation [17,68], injection into the volume of the material [69], or coating of the material with other plasmid-containing materials [42]. The layer-by-layer technique allows for the coating of the materials with multiple oppositely charged plasmid-containing layers [19].…”

“…In the field of regenerative dentistry, GAMs were successfully used in vivo for teeth replantation, treatment of alveolar bone defects after tooth extraction, and even showed their safety and efficacy for jaw bone grafting in clinical trial [16][17][18]. Osseointegration of titanium implants with the use of the GAM approach was also investigated in vivo [19].…”

“…For example, fixation of gene-activated octacalcium phosphate (OCP) within a bone grafting site was achieved via soft tissue suturing in a clinical trial [18]. In vivo studies also demonstrated various techniques of GAM implantation; for example, covering of the root of avulsed teeth with poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in dogs [16], placing collagen into an alveolar bone defect followed by muscle suturing and skin incision closure with clips in rats [22], filling of sockets after tooth extraction with gelatin sponges followed by coverage with periodontal dressing in rats [17], and layer-by-layer coating of a titanium implant followed by implantation in dogs [19].…”

“…Dental implant placement has become a common practice with high success rates. At the same time, avoidance of peri-implant diseases and acceleration of osseointegration still remain clinical tasks of utmost importance [19].…”

Implantatoberflächen und ihr Einfluss auf das periimplantäre Hartgewebe

“…Diese Beschichtung steigerte die Expression osteoblastärer Marker in den transfizierten Zellen ebenfalls; die freigesetzten BMP-Mengen reichten aus, um eine osteogene Differenzierung in vitro auszulösen [102]. Der Nachteil nichtviraler Systeme ist allerdings die oft niedrige Transfektionseffizienz in klinischen Anwendungen [103]; eine Beschichtung mit einem BMP2-Gen auf Titan hatte keinen Einfluss auf die Osseointegration im Hundekiefer [104]. In dem gentherapeutischen Ansatz sind sehr viel geringere Wachstumsfaktormengen (ng statt µg) notwendig, um denselben Effekt wie bei einer BMP-Proteinbeschichtung hervorzurufen.…”