Novel electrochemical aptamer biosensor based on an enzyme–gold nanoparticle dual label for the ultrasensitive detection of epithelial tumour marker MUC1

Label-free sensing of the binding state of MUC1 peptide and anti-MUC1 aptamer solution in fluidic chip by terahertz spectroscopy

“…It comprises an extracellular domain composed of a region including nearly identical 20-amino-acid-long repeats, a cytoplasmic domain of 69 amino acids, and a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain of 31 amino acids [1]. In particular, the 9-amino-acid-long peptide sequence APDTRPAP often belongs to the variable tandem repeat (VTR) domain from the epitope within a highly immunogenic region of MUC1 [2].…”

“…Aptamers, single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotide selected by the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) methodology, interact with targets by forming special three-dimensional conformations. Since the concept of aptamer was first proposed by Ellington in 1990 [7], it has been presented as a regnant bioreceptor for the construction of various aptasensors to detect ions [8,9], proteins [1,10], and cells [11,12], as aptamers possess high affinity, exquisite specificity, reduced immunogenicity, increased stability, and good reproducibility. Moreover, aptamers could be massively synthesized and easily modified via chemical processes, which is more costeffective [13].…”

“…Subsequently, an aptamer (anti-MUC1 S2.2) has been confirmed as a functional molecule, specifically binding to a common sequence (APDTRPAPG) of the VTR region of MUC1. To date, this MUC1 and aptamer binding reaction has led to discerning diagnostic aptasensors for detecting and monitoring tumor progression [1,[10][11][12]. In particular, the presence of divalent metal ions (e.g., Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ ) was indispensable for an aptamer to form the characteristic secondary structure, contributing to the selection process of aptamers and regeneration of aptasensors, in contrast to most existing biosensors [11].…”

Nanoparticles Carrying Biological Molecules: Recent Advances and Applications

“…Ulltrasensitive biosensor for detection of epithelial tumor marker has been developed by Hu R. et al (2014) through the immobilisation of hairpin oligonucleotide (HO) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on AuNPs. The HO-AuNP-HRP conjugate provides multiple signal amplification strategy that could enable rapid detection and enhanced the detection sensitivity in a wide linear range.…”

Voltammetric aptasensors for protein disease biomarkers detection: A review

“…Metal nanoparticles (e.g. AuPNs, AgNPs, PtNPs), silica nanoparticles (Si NPs), QDs, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (GNs) and their nanocomposites have been used for the development of electrochemical biosensors (Bai et al, 2012;Cao et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2015;Deng et al, 2013b;Hu et al, 2014;Jo et al, 2015;Li et al, 2011b;Ravalli et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2011a) These nanomaterials have unique physical and chemical properties and can be used in several electrode surfaces such as GCE (Ding et al, 2010;Li et al, 2011b) and SPE (Suprun et al, 2008) in a variety of applications. For electrochemical applications, these nanomaterials allowed an easy functionalization of the electrode surfaces, namely an increase of the surface area for the aptamers attachment onto the electrode surfaces, therefore facilitating the access of the target molecule to these aptamers, and acting as electrochemical labels by increasing the signal amplification or electron-transfer mediators (Citartan et al, 2012;Erdem et al, 2009;Hernandez and Ozalp, 2012;Palchetti and Mascini, 2012;Vidotti et al, 2011;Vikesland and Wigginton, 2010;Wang et al, 2015).…”