Improvements in hippocampal-dependent memory and microglial infiltration with calorie restriction and gastric bypass surgery, but not with vertical sleeve gastrectomy

Grayson, Bernadette E.; Fitzgerald, Maria; Hakala-Finch, Andrew P.; Ferris, V M; Begg, Denovan P.; Tong, Jenny; Woods, Stephen C.; Seeley, Randy J.; Davidson, Terry L.; Benoit, Stephen C.

doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.100

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Futhermore, in rats given weight loss gastric bypass or vertical sleeve gastrectomy surgeries 16 (VSG), hippocampal-dependent learning improved for both rats given bypass and VSG, although spatial learning only improved for those given gastric bypass surgery [131]. This may suggest that weight loss sufficient to improve leptin sensitivity recovers hippocampal function, while other types of learning, such as spatial learning tested by the Morris water maze, may have more complicated control with different hormonal factors.…”

Section: Leptin Plays a Key Role In The Hippocampus And Memorymentioning

confidence: 96%

Leptin and the brain: Influences on brain development, cognitive functioning and psychiatric disorders

2015

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Section: Leptin Plays a Key Role In The Hippocampus And Memorymentioning

confidence: 96%

Leptin and the brain: Influences on brain development, cognitive functioning and psychiatric disorders

2015

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“…Similarly, the pro-cognitive effects of the incretin analogs may result at least in part from the ability of these compounds to cross the BBB and activate hippocampal incretin signaling to promote cognition in patients with metabolic disorders [78;79]. Increased physical activity [57;80;81] and weight loss approaches [82-84] also restore behavioral performance in rodent models of T2DM and obesity, thereby supporting data indicating that lifestyle interventions enhance cognitive performance in patients with metabolic disorders. This includes aerobic exercise [85;86] and weight loss achieved through bariatric surgical procedures [87•].…”

Section: Conclusion and Translational Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stop signs in hippocampal insulin signaling: the role of insulin resistance in structural, functional and behavioral deficits

Fadel

Reagan

2016

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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In peripheral tissues insulin activates signaling cascades to facilitate glucose uptake from the blood into tissues like liver, muscle and fat. While insulin appears to play a minor role in the regulation of glucose uptake in the central nervous system (CNS), insulin is known to play a major role in regulating synaptic plasticity in brain regions like the hippocampus. The concept that insulin regulates hippocampal neuroplasticity is further supported from animal models of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of this review is to provide an overview of these studies, as well as the studies that have examined whether deficits in hippocampal insulin signaling are amenable to intervention strategies.

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“…These same rats are not impaired in learning simple discriminations and other learning and memory problems that are hippocampal-independent (Davidson et al, 2012; Hargrave et al, in this issue; Kanoski, Zhang, Zheng, & Davidson, 2010; Molteni, Barnard, Ying, Roberts, & Gomez-Pinilla, 2002). Rats maintained on these diets also exhibit signs of brain pathologies such as increased blood-brain barrier permeability, elevated markers of hippocampal inflammation, and reduced levels of brain neurotrophic factors (Grayson et al, 2013; Hsu & Kanoski, 2014; Kanoski, Walls, Davidson, Kanoski, & Walls, 2007; Miller & Spencer, 2014; Molteni et al, 2002; Sobesky et al, 2014). Moreover, some pathological symptoms have been observed most prominently in rats that also showed both heightened sensitivity to the obesity promoting effects of these diets and impaired hippocampal-dependent learning and memory performance (Davidson et al, 2012, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western-style diet impairs stimulus control by food deprivation state cues: Implications for obesogenic environments

et al. 2015

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In western and westernized societies, large portions of the population live in what are considered to be “obesogenic” environments. Among other things, obesogenic environments are characterized by a high prevalence of external cues that are associated with highly palatable, energy-dense foods. One prominent hypothesis suggests that these external cues become such powerful conditioned elicitors of appetitive and eating behavior that they overwhelm the internal, physiological mechanisms that serve to maintain energy balance. The present research investigated a learning mechanism that may underlie this loss of internal relative to external control. In Experiment 1, rats were provided with both auditory cues (external stimuli) and varying levels of food deprivation (internal stimuli) that they could use to solve a simple discrimination task. Despite having access to clearly discriminable external cues, we found that the deprivation cues gained substantial discriminative control over conditioned responding. Experiment 2 found that, compared to standard chow, maintenance on a “western-style” diet high in saturated fat and sugar weakened discriminative control by food deprivation cues, but did not impair learning when external cues were also trained as relevant discriminative signals for sucrose. Thus, eating a western-style diet contributed to a loss of internal control over appetitive behavior relative to external cues. We discuss how this relative loss of control by food deprivation signals may result from interference with hippocampal-dependent learning and memory processes, forming the basis of a vicious-cycle of excessive intake, body weight gain, and progressive cognitive decline that may begin very early in life.

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Improvements in hippocampal-dependent memory and microglial infiltration with calorie restriction and gastric bypass surgery, but not with vertical sleeve gastrectomy

Abstract: Although VSG was comparably effective at reducing body weight and improving glucose regulation as RYGB, VSG did not appear to confer an equal benefit on cognitive function and markers of inflammation.

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

Leptin and the brain: Influences on brain development, cognitive functioning and psychiatric disorders

Leptin and the brain: Influences on brain development, cognitive functioning and psychiatric disorders

Stop signs in hippocampal insulin signaling: the role of insulin resistance in structural, functional and behavioral deficits

Western-style diet impairs stimulus control by food deprivation state cues: Implications for obesogenic environments

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