Western-style diet impairs stimulus control by food deprivation state cues: Implications for obesogenic environments

Sample, Camille H.; Martin, Ashley; Jones, Sabrina; Hargrave, Sara L.; Davidson, Terry L.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.05.018

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Our lab previously reported a similar pattern of results in which a shift to WD impaired discrimination of 0 and 24h food deprivation. In this experiment, WD-fed rats were able to discriminate when external cues were subsequently trained as additional predictors of sucrose, but discrimination was again disrupted when external cues were removed [33]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western diet and the weakening of the interoceptive stimulus control of appetitive behavior

Sample

Jones

Hargrave

et al. 2016

Behavioural Brain Research

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In obesogenic environments food-related external cues are thought to overwhelm internal cues that normally regulate energy intake. We investigated how this shift from external to internal stimulus control might occur. Experiment 1 showed that rats could use stimuli arising from 0 and 4h food deprivation to predict sucrose delivery. Experiment 2 then examined (a) the ability of these deprivation cues to compete with external cues and (b) how consuming a Western-style diet (WD) affects that competition. Rats were trained to use both their deprivation cues and external cues as compound discriminative stimuli. Half of the rats were then placed on WD while the others remained on chow, and external cues were removed to assess learning about deprivation state cues. When tested with external cues removed, chow-fed rats continued to discriminate using only deprivation cues, while WD-fed rats did not. The WD-fed group performed similarly to control groups trained with a noncontingent relationship between deprivation cues and sucrose reinforcement. Previous studies provided evidence that discrimination based on interoceptive deprivation cues depends on the hippocampus and that WD intake could interfere with hippocampal functioning. A third experiment assessed the effects of neurotoxic hippocampal lesions on weight gain and on sensitivity to the appetite-suppressing effects of the satiety hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). Relative to controls, hippocampal-lesioned rats gained more weight and showed reduced sensitivity to a 1.0 ug but not 2.0 or 4.0 ug CCK doses. These findings suggest that WD intake reduces utilization of interoceptive energy state signals to regulate appetitive behavior via a mechanism that involves the hippocampus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western diet and the weakening of the interoceptive stimulus control of appetitive behavior

Sample

Jones

Hargrave

et al. 2016

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…Epidemiological studies correlate these obesity-related diseases with sedentary behavior and the consumption of excessive energy-dense diets containing saturated fat, sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) (Burt and Pai, 2001, Ashrafi et al, 2003, Heber, 2010, Mathias, Slining, & Popkin, 2013, Ogden et al, 2014, Zheng et al, 2014, Koutoukidis, Knobf, & Lanceley, 2015, Sample, Martin et al, 2015). Since HFCS intake increased 10-fold in the United States from 1970 to 1990 and accounts for 40% of the consumption of caloric sweeteners, the correlation between increased HFCS consumption and increased obesity has been speculated to have a cause and effect relationship (Bray et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans

Zheng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2016

Journal of Dietary Supplements

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Epidemiological studies indicate that the increased consumption of sugars including sucrose and fructose in beverages correlate with the prevalence of obesity, type-2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension in humans. A few reports suggest that fructose extends lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In Anopheles gambiae, fructose, glucose, or glucose plus fructose also extended lifespan. New results presented here suggest that fructose extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) wild type (N2). C. elegans were fed standard laboratory food source (E. coli OP50), maintained in liquid culture. Experimental groups received additional glucose (111 mM), fructose (55 mM, 111 mM, or 555 mM), sucrose (55 mM, 111 mM, or 555 mM), glucose (167 mM) plus fructose (167 mM) (G&F), or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS, 333 mM). In four replicate experiments, fructose dose-dependently increased mean lifespan at 55 mM or 111 m Min N2, but decreased lifespan at 555 mM (P < 0.001). Sucrose did not affect the lifespan. Glucose reduced lifespan (P < 0.001). Equal amount of G&F or HFCS reduced lifespan (P < 0.0001). Intestinal fat deposition (IFD) was increased at a higher dose of fructose (555 mM), glucose (111 mM), and sucrose (55 mM, 111 mM, and 555 mM). Here we report a biphasic effect of fructose increasing lifespan at lower doses and shortening lifespan at higher doses with an inverse effect on IFD. In view of reports that fructose increases lifespan in yeast, mosquitoes and now nematodes, while decreasing fat deposition (in nematodes) at lower concentrations, further research into the relationship of fructose to lifespan and fat accumulation in vertebrates and mammals is indicated.

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“…The reciprocal links between hippocampal functioning, food intake, and body weight regulation have notably been investigated by Davidson and colleagues (e.g., [28,29,77,98,139]), who focused on the role of the hippocampus in inhibitory learning and memory. Kanoski & Davidson [77] highlighted how body weight regulation depends on the ability to solve a so-called "serial feature negative discrimination problem", in which "interoceptive satiety cues (X) signal that environmental food-related target cues (A) will not be followed by an appetitive postingestive outcome" (p. 66).…”

Section: Hippocampus and Inhibitory Processes Related To Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that similar topics have been the object of several recent reviews (e.g., [5,56,78,98,109,117,139]). They include descriptions of studies linking food intake regulation to the amygdala [5] and the hippocampus Kanoski & Grill [78]; [117]) as well as studies showing the influence of memory on food reward processing [56] and obesity [98], and the impact of other factors such as environment and stress on obesity [109,139].…”

Section: The Anterior Medial Temporal Lobes -Classical Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include descriptions of studies linking food intake regulation to the amygdala [5] and the hippocampus Kanoski & Grill [78]; [117]) as well as studies showing the influence of memory on food reward processing [56] and obesity [98], and the impact of other factors such as environment and stress on obesity [109,139]. However, rather than reiterating the material covered by these scholarly works, the present review aims to integrate the literature on the functions of both the amygdala and the hippocampus in food intake and body weight regulation in two unique ways.…”

Section: The Anterior Medial Temporal Lobes -Classical Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

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The anterior medial temporal lobes: Their role in food intake and body weight regulation

Coppin

2016

Physiology & Behavior

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• The amygdala and hippocampus play a major role in food intake and weight regulation.• These functions are far less known to cognitive and affective scientists.• This review uniquely expands on the interactions between these two brain structures. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o The anterior medial temporal lobes are one of the most studied parts of the brain. Classically, their two main structures -the amygdalae and the hippocampi -have been linked to key cognitive and affective functions, related in particular to learning and memory. Based on abundant evidence, we will argue for an alternative but complementary point of view: they may also play a major role in food intake and body weight regulation. First, an overview is given of early clinical evidence in this line of thought. Subsequently, empirical evidence is presented on how food intake, including in the extreme case of obesity, may relate to amygdalian and hippocampal functioning. The focus is on the amygdala's role in processing the relevance of food stimuli, cue-induced feeding, and stress-induced eating and on the hippocampus' involvement in the use of interoceptive signals of hunger and satiety, as well as memory and inhibitory processes related to food intake. Additionally, an elaboration takes place on possible reciprocal links between food intake, body weight, and amygdala and hippocampus functioning. Finally, issues that seemed particularly critical for future research in the field are discussed.

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Western-style diet impairs stimulus control by food deprivation state cues: Implications for obesogenic environments

Cited by 30 publications

References 75 publications

Western diet and the weakening of the interoceptive stimulus control of appetitive behavior

Western diet and the weakening of the interoceptive stimulus control of appetitive behavior

Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans

The anterior medial temporal lobes: Their role in food intake and body weight regulation

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