Paradigm shifts in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment

Hoag, Nathan; Goldenberg, S. Larry

doi:10.1038/nrurol.2012.251

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…PSA level is a simple-to-perform blood test, so for the last 20 years it has become widespread and has helped to detect PCa 4 . However, its low specificity (33%) 5 has also been increasingly recognized as a major drawback 6 . As a result, a high PSA level has led to many unnecessary biopsies and the overtreatment of low-risk PCa patients 7 – 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of rare prostate cancer cells in human urine offers prospect of non-invasive diagnosis

Sayyadi

Justiniano

Wang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two molecular cytology approaches, (i) time-gated immunoluminescence assay (TGiA) and (ii) Raman-active immunolabeling assay (RiA), have been developed to detect prostate cancer (PCa) cells in urine from five prostate cancer patients. For TGiA, PCa cells stained by a biocompatible europium chelate antibody-conjugated probe were quantitated by automated time-gated microscopy (OSAM). For RiA, PCa cells labeled by antibody-conjugated Raman probe were detected by Raman spectrometer. TGiA and RiA were first optimized by the detection of PCa cultured cells (DU145) spiked into control urine, with TGiA-OSAM showing single-cell PCa detection sensitivity, while RiA had a limit of detection of 4–10 cells/mL. Blinded analysis of each patient urine sample, using MIL-38 antibody specific for PCa cells, was performed using both assays in parallel with control urine. Both assays detected very low abundance PCa cells in patient urine (3–20 PCa cells per mL by TGiA, 4–13 cells/mL by RiA). The normalized mean of the detected PCa cells per 1 ml of urine was plotted against the clinical data including prostate specific antigen (PSA) level and Clinical Risk Assessment for each patient. Both cell detection assays showed correlation with PSA in the high risk patients but aligned with the Clinical Assessment rather than with PSA levels of the low/intermediate risk patients. Despite the limited available urine samples of PCa patients, the data presented in this proof-of-principle work is promising for the development of highly sensitive diagnostic urine tests for PCa.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of rare prostate cancer cells in human urine offers prospect of non-invasive diagnosis

Sayyadi

Justiniano

Wang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The widely used prostate specific antigen (PSA) test has greatly benefited early detection of CaP for the past 20 years. However, its limitations have been increasingly recognized .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer marker panel with single cell sensitivity in urine

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOver one million men undergo prostate biopsies annually in the United States, a majority of whom due to elevated serum PSA. More than half of the biopsies turn out to be negative for prostate cancer (CaP). The limitations of both the PSA test and the biopsy procedure have led to the development for more precise CaP detection assays in urine (e.g., PCA3, TMPRSS2‐ERG) or blood (e.g., PHI, 4K). Here, we describe the development and evaluation of the Urine CaP Marker Panel (UCMP) assay for sensitive and reproducible detection of CaP cells in post‐digital rectal examination (post‐DRE) urine.MethodsThe cellular content of the post‐DRE urine was captured on a translucent filter membrane, which is placed on Cytoclear slides for direct evaluation by microscopy and immuno‐cytochemistry (ICC). Cells captured on the membrane were assayed for PSA and Prostein expression to identify prostate epithelial cells, and for ERG and AMACR to identify prostate tumor cells. Immunostained cells were analyzed for quantitative and qualitative features and correlated with biopsy positive and negative status for malignancy.ResultsThe assay was optimized for single cell capture sensitivity and downstream evaluations by spiking a known number of cells from established CaP cell lines, LNCaP and VCaP, into pre‐cleared control urine. The cells captured from the post‐DRE urine of subjects, obtained prior to biopsy procedure, were co‐stained for ERG, AMACR (CaP specific), and Prostein or PSA (prostate epithelium specific) rendering a whole cell based analysis and characterization. A feasibility cohort of 63 post‐DRE urine specimens was assessed. Comparison of the UCMP results with blinded biopsy results showed an assay sensitivity of 64% (16 of 25) and a specificity of 68.8% (22 of 32) for CaP detection by biopsy.ConclusionsThis pilot study assessing a minimally invasive CaP detection assay with single cell sensitivity cell‐capture and characterization from the post‐DRE urine holds promise for further development of this novel assay platform. Prostate 75: 969–975, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. The Prostate, published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract