2-Nitrofluoranthene, 1-, 2- and 4-Nitropyrenes and 6-Nitrochrysene in Diesel-Engine Exhaust and Airborne Particulates

Murahashi, Tsuyoshi; Kizu, Ryoichi; Kakimoto, Hitoshi; Toriba, Akira; Hayakawa, Kazuichi

doi:10.1248/jhs.45.244

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Although the atmospheric concentrations of NPAHs were lower than those of PAHs and the risks were calculated using only five NPAHs, the risk from NPAHs is 21% of the total risk in Aug. Since the direct-acting mutagenicity of individual NPAHs, especially secondary NPAHs other than the five compounds, is not negligible (Murahashi et al, 1999;Yang et al, 2010), the risks would be higher than the presented values. Therefore, the determination of NPAHs levels in ambient air is important for assessing health risks.…”

Section: Carcinogenic Riskmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…This might indicate another source of 9-NA such as biomass burning in addition to diesel exhaust. 1-NP, 6-NC, 7-NBaA, and 6-NBaP are directly emitted from vehicles, especially diesel engines (Murahashi et al, 1999;Bamford et al, 2003b). In particular, 1-NP is present in diesel exhaust and is one of the most abundant NPAHs in the atmosphere, and therefore has been proposed as a chemical marker for diesel exhaust (Paputa-Peck et al, 1983;Bamford et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Ambient Concentrations Of Npahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Chuesaard

Chetiyanukornkul

Kameda

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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LG showed that biomass burning significantly contributes to air pollution in the dry season. 9-Nitroanthracene (9-NA) was the most abundant NPAH which suggests that 9-NA is generated from biomass burning. We proposed the [9-NA] -[1-nitropyrene (1-NP)] ratio as a new indicator for assessing the contribution of biomass burning. Biomass burning was a major source of PAHs and NPAHs in the dry season, whereas vehicle exhaust was the main contribution in the wet season. The high carcinogenic risks in the dry season correlate with more harmful air conditions during this season. Thus, it is important to control biomass burning to reduce air-pollution-related health risks during the dry season in northern Thailand.

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Section: Carcinogenic Riskmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Ambient Concentrations Of Npahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Chuesaard

Chetiyanukornkul

Kameda

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Both solutions were mixed (1:1, v/v) in the system, and the flow rate of the mixture was 1.0 ml/min. Other conditions were the same as in our reports (Hayakawa et al, 2001(Hayakawa et al, , 2011Tang et al, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In order to predict movements of atmospheric particulates from Northeast Asia, it is helpful to monitor background sites such as the Noto Peninsula, Japan (Tsapakis and Stephanou, 2007;Yang et al, 2007). In the past, we did not monitor atmospheric NPAHs on the Noto Peninsula because their concentrations were too low to be detected by our conventional HPLC-chemiluminescence detection (CLD) system (Hayakawa et al, 2001;Murahashi and Hayakwa, 1997;Tang et al, 2003). Recently, we developed a more sensitive system for measuring trace levels of NPAHs by modifying the conventional system (Hayakawa et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting atmospheric 1-, 2-nitropyrenes and 2-nitrofluoranthene in winter at Noto peninsula, a remote background site, Japan

Tang

Sato

Tokuda³

et al. 2014

Chemosphere

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Airborne particulates were collected at a background site (Wajima Air Monitoring Station; WAMS) on the Noto Peninsula, Japan from January 2006 to December 2007. 1-, 2-nitropyrenes (1-, 2-NPs) and 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFR), in the particulates were determined with a sensitive HPLC method with chemiluminescence detection. The average concentrations were higher in winter than in summer. A meteorological analysis indicated that the air samples collected in winter were transported mainly from Northeast China over the Japan Sea. Both the concentration ratios of 2-NFR to 1-NP and 1-NP to pyrene were similar to those in Shenyang in Northeast China which located along the air transportation route to WAMS, but not in Kanazawa which near WAMS. These results strongly suggest that most of the atmospheric 1-, 2-NPs and 2-NFR at WAMS in winter were long range transported from Northeast China.

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“…The main source of PAHs in Japanese cities is automobile emissions (Hayakawa et al, 1995;Murahashi et al, 1999), while in China it is coal-burning Hattori et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range transport of fluoride in East Asia monitored at Noto Peninsula, Japan

Yang

Yamada

Tang

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

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2-Nitrofluoranthene, 1-, 2- and 4-Nitropyrenes and 6-Nitrochrysene in Diesel-Engine Exhaust and Airborne Particulates

Cited by 43 publications

References 1 publication

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Factors affecting atmospheric 1-, 2-nitropyrenes and 2-nitrofluoranthene in winter at Noto peninsula, a remote background site, Japan

Long-range transport of fluoride in East Asia monitored at Noto Peninsula, Japan

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