2-Fluoromalonate Esters: Fluoroaliphatic Building Blocks for the Life Sciences

Abstract

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All in One ‐ Complete Issue: ChemInform 40/2014

“…DFT calculations show that such a superstructure coincides with 40-012 40-013 40-014 the (3 x 3) superlattice of a buckled germanene sheet. Furthermore, the computations indicate that adjacent Ge atoms directly bind to each other, certifying the formation of a continous two-dimensional germanene sheet on the Pt (111) 2 is prepared by high-energy ball milling of stoichiometric amounts of FeSO 4 and Li 2 SO 4 which results in well crystallized samples without noticeable amounts of the precursors after 5-10 h. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca (powder XRD) and consists of isolated FeO 6 octahedra linked through SO 4 tetrahedra via O vertices. Charge/discharge electrochemical studies show Li reacting through a two-step redox process (3.73 and 3.85 V vs Li + /Li 0 ) with an overall sustained capacity of about 90 mAh/g.…”

“…This way, two new phosphors in the Ba 3 N 2 -Si 3 N 4 -AlN ternary system, Ba 5 Si 11 Al 7 N 25 :Eu 2+ (I) and BaSi 4 Al 3 N 9 :Eu 2+ (II), are discovered from firing of 20 samples of appropriate amounts of Ba 3 N 2 , Si 3 N 4 , AlN, and EuN (1900 C, 2 h, 1.0 Electrochemistry Cells F 3000 DOI: 10.1002/chin.201440007 Synthesis of (CuInS 2 ) 0.5 (ZnS) 0.5 Alloy Nanocrystals and Their Use for the Fabrication of Solar Cells via Selenization. -Nanocrystalline (CuInS 2 ) 0.5 (ZnS) 0.5 is prepared by hot injecting stoichiometric amounts of a solution of Cu(acac) 2 , In(acac) 3 , and Zn(acac) 2 in oleylamine and an oleylamine solution of S into a preheated reaction vessel also containing oleylamine (250 C, 15 min). The powder is then used as an ink for doctor blading of a Mo-coated soda lime glass substrate followed by selenization at 500 C resulting in a dense (CuIn(S,Se) 2 ) 0.5 (Zn(S,Se)) 0.5 (CZISSe) absorber layer containing micrometer sized grains.…”

“…A series of solution-processed solid-state photovoltaic devices using a mixture of organic spiro-OMeTAD/Li bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide/pyridinium additives as hole transport layer are fabricated and studied as a function of Sn/Pb ratio. The results show that Me 3 NH 3 Sn 0.5 Pb 0.5 I 3 has the broadest light absorption and highest short-circuit photocurrent density 20 mA/cm 2 -Germanene, a one-atom-thick Ge layer with a honeycomb structure is prepared in an ultra-high vacuum system by deposition of Ge on Pt(111) at room temperature followed by annealing at 600-750 K for 30 min. The samples exhibit a superstructure related to the substrate lattice, as revealed by LEED and STM.…”

Expanding the 18F-Radiochemical Space: Synthesis and Applications of 1,1-18F-Difluorinated Alkenes

“…This is in stark contrast to the abundance of alkyl 19 F-fluorides in FDA approved active pharmaceutical ingredients, which stands at 14 %, with the predominant motif being aryl fluorides. 1 The discrepancy in the incidence of fluorinated motifs in the fields of radiochemistry and medicinal chemistry may simply be a result of the differing requirements of these molecules in their respective fields. However, we believe it more likely reflects the relative difficulty in introducing fluorine-18 into organic molecules, under radiochemical conditions, for the majority of fluorinated functional groups.…”

Synthesis of β-fluoro(dicarbonyl)ethylamines from 2-fluoro-ethylacetoacetate and dimethyl-2-fluoromalonate ester by batch and semi-continuous flow three-component Mannich reactions

“…Analogous selective direct fluorination routes using fluorine gas to corresponding 2-fluoro-ketoesters [5] have also been developed and scaled up by industry [6]. Surprisingly, however, reactions of 2-fluoro malonate ester and 2-fluoro-ketoester derivatives are not particularly well developed despite the anticipated synthetic potential of these polyfuctional substrates and we recently reviewed the chemistry of fluoromalonate substrates to indicate some of the synthetic utility of these systems [7]. For example, in the context of developing the use of dimethyl 2-fluoro-malonate ester for the synthesis of more structurally complex fluorinated intermediates, we established routes to various fluoroheterocyclic systems [8].…”