“…In the last decade, the Gabor filters, firstly proposed by Dennis Gabor in 1946 in 1-D and extended, in 1985, to 2-D by Daugman, have received much attention. Their wide usage in multiple fields can be taken as proof of their success: image analysis, compression and restoration, object tracking and movement estimation, face recognition, smoke detection, texture retrieval, contour extraction, or image segmentation [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”