2‐Amino thiazole derivatives as inhibitors of some metabolic enzymes: An in vitro and in silico study

Abstract

The thiazole derivatives are desirable compounds in the evaluation of their biological activities such as antiprotozoal antibacterial, antifungal, antituberculosis. Considering the medical application potential of 2‐amino thiazole compounds, we aimed to determine the effects of 2‐amino thiazole derivatives on the activities of carbonic anhydrase I–II isoenzymes, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Among the chemicals we used in our study, 2‐amino‐4‐(4‐chlorophenyl)thiazole compound exhibited the best inhibition against hCA I with Ki of 0.008 ± 0.001 μM. The 2‐amino‐4‐(4‐bromophenyl)thiazole compound exhibited the best inhibition against hCA II, AChE, and BChE with Ki of 0.124 ± 0.017, 0.129 ± 0.030, and 0.083 ± 0.041 μM, respectively. Molecular docking analysis showed that compound 2‐amino‐4‐(5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2‐naphthyl)thiazole had the highest inhibitory potency against hCA I, hCA II, AChE, BChE with the estimated binding energy of −6.75, −7.61, −7.86, −7.96 kcal/mol, respectively.

Evaluation of benzaldehyde derivatives as being bovine kidney aldose reductase inhibitors

“…The earlier study also found that a large number of synthesized derivatives such as thiazole-based compounds, 4H-1,2,4-triazole derivatives, Nbenzyl(oxotriazinoindole), 2,4-thiazolidinediones, benzothiazolone-based carboxylic acid inhibited AR [25,26]. The study finds the inhibition potencies of 3 and 6 were higher than thiazole-based compounds, 4H-1,2,4triazole derivatives and coumarin-thiosemicarbazone hybrids [11,37,39].…”

“…For the determination of compounds' in vitro effects, the enzyme activities were assayed in the presence of at least five various compound concentrations. The control measurement having no compound was assumed as 100% and measurements in the presence of compounds were calculated as % activity [26]. Data were drawn as Activity%-[compound] graphs, and IC50 values were calculated from the equations of these graphs [27].…”

New Thiazole Derivatives: Carbonic Anhydrase I–II and Cholinesterase Inhibition Profiles, Molecular Docking Studies

“…Among the compounds, 2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole compound exhibited the best inhibition against hCA I and 2amino-4-(4-bromophenyl)thiazole compound exhibited the best inhibition against hCA II, AChE, and BChE. [17] There are many studies in the literature on carbonic anhydrase and cholinesterase enzymes, which have a thiazole structure. [18][19][20][21] For this purpose, this study aimed to present new alternative drug candidates to the literature by synthesizing thiazole-derived compounds and then investigating their enzyme inhibition (AChE, BChE, hCA I, hCA II) and antioxidant activities.…”