2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde as a potent antidiabetic agent alleviates postprandial hyperglycemia in normal and diabetic rats

Abstract

Five distinct organic compounds with protected and unprotected phenolic hydroxyl groups were screened for their a-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Of these compounds, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde (THB) showed the strongest noncompetitive a-glucosidase inhibition (IC 50 = 4.60 lM) and the most powerful antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) (IC 50 = 71.4 lM) in vitro. In in vivo studies, THB significantly reduced blood glucose levels in normal and diabetic rats after glucose load compared to maltose load.

α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Cycloartane-Type Triterpenes Isolated from Indonesian Stingless Bee Propolis and Their Structure–Activity Relationship

“…However, reports of inhibition of cycloartane-type triterpenes on α-glucosidase are limited, and there have been no reports about the effects of their structure–activity relationships on the strength of α-glucosidase inhibition. Antioxidants are substances that can prevent, stop, or reduce oxidative damage; therefore, they are able to protect the human body from several diseases, such diabetes and the complications associated with this disease [22]. The combination of α-glucosidase inhibitors and antioxidants was recently shown to be effective on treating diabetes mellitus and preventing its development [23,24].…”

Anti-trypanosomal activity of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β -D-glucose isolated from Plectranthus barbatus Andrews (Lamiaceae)

“…25 Additionally, were observed peaks were observed at the d 110-168 range, assigned to galloyl units. 26 The complete structure of the bioactive compound was determined by analysis of the HMBC spectrum, which showed cross peaks between the signals at d 7.01 (H-2´ and H-6´) and d 166.4 (C-7') as well as between the peaks at d 6.14 (H-1) and d 166.4 (C-7'). Finally, the comparison of NMR data with those described in the literature [25][26][27] (Table 1) allowed the identification of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-b-D-glucose (PGG) Figure 1, whose occurrence has been described for the first time in the Plectranthus genus.…”

“…27,28 Pharmacologically, this substance showed diverse biological activities, such as antioxidant, 25 anticancer, 29 and inhibitory action against the invasion of mouse melanoma. 30 Additionally, an inhibitory effect of the a-glycosidase of PGG was described, suggested by the presence of galloyl substituents at the glucose unit 26 . Ethnopharmacological studies have revealed anti-parasitic activity of the Plectranthus species, especially an anti-leishmanial effect.…”

Antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Euchresta horsfieldii

“…The production of ROS increases under diabetic conditions (Noh and Ha 2011;Ha et al 2008). Meanwhile, alphaglucosidase inhibitors helped control postprandial blood glucose levels in diabetic patients (Sancheti et al 2011;Gurudeeban et al 2012). It reduce the digestion and delay the absorption of carbohydrates, which relieved the postprandial increase in blood glucose levels (Cheng and Josse 2004).…”

“…Some reports suggested that decreasing the level of postprandial hyperglycemia is one of most effective therapeutic approaches in the early period of diabetes mellitus (Lee et al 2009;Ghadyale et al 2011;Van de Laar et al 2012). Other studies demonstrated that alpha-glucosidase inhibitors helped to control postprandial blood glucose levels in diabetic patients (Sancheti et al 2011;Gurudeeban et al 2012).…”